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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecsocmenus</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Юго-Западного государственного университета. Серия: Экономика. Социология. Менеджмент</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Economics. Sociology. Management</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-1552</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Юго-Западный государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21869/2223-1552-2025-15-6-174-189</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecsocmenus-1133</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ И МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIO-ECONOMIC FORECASTING AND MODELLING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бедность и социально-экономическое неравенство в контексте экономического роста: эмпирический анализ и стратегии регулирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Poverty and socio-economic inequality in the context of economic growth: empirical analysis and regulation strategies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-9900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорофеев</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorofeev</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дорофеев Михаил Львович, кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры общественных финансов</p><p>пр-т Ленинградский, д. 49/2, г. Москва 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail L. Dorofeev, Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Public Finance</p><p>49/2 Leningradsky Ave., Moscow 125167</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dorofeevml@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>174</fpage><lpage>189</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дорофеев М.Л., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дорофеев М.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dorofeev M.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecsocmenus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1133">https://ecsocmenus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1133</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Рост бедности и социально-экономического неравенства остаётся одной из ключевых угроз устойчивому развитию мировой экономики. Глобальные кризисы последнего десятилетия ‒ пандемия COVID-19, инфляционные шоки и геополитическая нестабильность ‒ усилили социальные дисбалансы, обострив проблему справедливого распределения ресурсов. В этих условиях возрастает актуальность поиска эффективных инструментов государственной фискальной политики, позволяющих одновременно стимулировать экономический рост и снижать социальное неравенство.</p><p>Цель исследования заключается в выявлении взаимосвязей между бедностью, социальноэкономическим неравенством и экономическим ростом, а также в определении направлений совершенствования фискальной политики России с учетом международного опыта.</p></sec><sec><title>Задачи</title><p>Задачи. Для достижения цели решаются задачи анализа динамики бедности и неравенства в странах с различным уровнем развития, оценки влияния налогово-бюджетных инструментов на их снижение и выявления институциональных факторов, определяющих эффективность государственной финансовой политики.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология</title><p>Методология. Эмпирическая база исследования сформирована на основе статистических данных Всемирного банка, ОЭСР, WID, Росстата и Национального бюро статистики Китая за 2016–2022 гг. Использованы методы сравнительного анализа, регрессионного моделирования, корреляционного и графического анализа, а также визуализация результатов в виде точечных графиков и тепловых карт.</p><p>Результаты исследования подтверждают, что перераспределительные механизмы фискальной политики оказывают значимое влияние на сокращение бедности, но их воздействие на уровень социальноэкономического неравенства зависит от структуры расходов и качества экономических институтов.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. На основе комплексных взаимосвязей между бедностью, неравенством и экономическим ростом с учетом международного опыта и национальной специфики России рекомендуется повышение эффективности и адресности социальных выплат, развитие прогрессивных элементов налоговой системы для преодоления избыточного имущественного неравенства, расширение инвестиций в человеческий капитал.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance.The growth of poverty and socio-economic inequality remains one of the key threats to the sustainable development of the global economy. Global crises of the last decade ‒ the COVID-19 pandemic, inflationary shocks, and geopolitical instability ‒ have intensified social imbalances, exacerbating the problem of equitable resource distribution. Under these conditions, the relevance of searching for effective tools of state fiscal policy increases, enabling the simultaneous stimulation of economic growth and reduction of social inequality.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to identify the interlinkages between poverty, socio-economic inequality, and economic growth, as well as to determine directions for improving Russia's fiscal policy taking into account international experience.</p></sec><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks are addressed: analyzing the dynamics of poverty and inequality in countries with different levels of development, assessing the impact of tax-budget instruments on their reduction, and identifying institutional factors that determine the effectiveness of state financial policy.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology.The empirical base of the study is formed on the basis of statistical data from the World Bank, OECD, WID, Rosstat, and the National Bureau of Statistics of China for 2016–2022. Methods of comparative analysis, regression modeling, correlation and graphical analysis, as well as visualization of results in the form of scatter plots and heat maps, were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The research results confirm that redistributive mechanisms of fiscal policy have a significant impact on poverty reduction, but their effect on the level of socio-economic inequality depends on the structure of expenditures and the quality of economic institutions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Based on the comprehensive interlinkages between poverty, inequality, and economic growth, taking into account international experience and the national specifics of Russia, it is recommended to enhance the efficiency and targeting of social payments, develop progressive elements of the tax system to overcome excessive asset inequality, and expand investments in human capital.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бедность</kwd><kwd>социально-экономическое неравенство</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>государственное финансовое регулирование</kwd><kwd>социальные расходы</kwd><kwd>инвестиции в человеческий капитал</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>poverty</kwd><kwd>socio-economic inequality</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>public financial regulation</kwd><kwd>social spending</kwd><kwd>investment in human capital</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финуниверситета.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment to the Financial University</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макашина О. 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