Organization of international trade in the context of sanctions confrontation and growing geopolitical tensions

Relevance. The current system of international trade, based on the norms of the World Trade Organization, the activities of international organizations (the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank) and the process of globalization is undergoing turbulent changes. This is most clearly manifested in changes in the national regulation of foreign trade activities of individual countries and the configuration of international logistics. Trends in the logistics of the movement of goods within the framework of world trade cover the development of relatively new transport corridors, the creation of new ones and the interception of management of the "old", well-established arteries of international logistics. In this regard, it becomes possible for Russia to expand the use of its territory as a transit one.

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the characteristics of the current stage of development of the global economy and to determine the main directions for expanding Russia’s participation as a transit territory.

The objectives of the study are to determine the effectiveness of the international system of regulation of world trade; to identify "bottlenecks" in the movement of goods; to analyze the main trends in the infrastructural development of international trade; to determine the transport and logistics prospects of Russia.

Methodology. It was conducted the analysis of the legal documentation governing key aspects of international trade, it allowed through comparison to evaluate the efficiency of the functioning of the world trade system. Using induction and deduction methods, the authors have attempted to evaluate the prospects for the implementation of Russia’s logistics potential.

Results. The mechanisms and tools of international trade, which were based on the norms of the World Trade Organization, are practically not functioning. Unilateral pressure is actively practiced by changing customs tariffs and quantitative restrictions in circumvention of UN decisions. Some states initiate the transformation of international transport corridors (Turkey, Nicaragua). The current trends have led to the intensification of the redistribution of spheres of influence within the framework of geopolitical interests and the management of international directions of goods movement.

Conclusions. Russia has certain opportunities to use the current situation to develop its transport and logistics potential. At the same time, it is necessary to intensify the modernization of the transport and logistics infrastructure, expand the financial services system for transport and logistics companies, and develop transport engineering.

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