Challenges for the Economic Security of Russia's Regions During the Pandemic

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to develop a methodology for analyzing regional development to identify the challenges of the pandemic, as well as the search for effective tools to ensure the economic security of Russian regions, taking into account real and expected threats.
The purpose of the article is to identify the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic for the economic security of Russian regions, as well as to substantiate a set of effective measures to overcome emerging problems of regional development.
The objectives of the study are: to determine the features of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the socioeconomic development of regions; systematization of the pandemic's challenges for the economic security of Russian regions; development of a mechanism to ensure the economic security of Russian regions during the pandemic.
The methodology of the research is based on the use of the method of systematization, the method of economic and statistical analysis, the method of comparative analysis, the method of induction and deduction, the graphical method, as well as a systematic approach to achieve the goals and objectives.
Results. As a result of the conducted research, the features of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the socio-economic development of the regions of Russia are determined. The authors propose a system of indicators adapted to analyze regional development and identify pandemic challenges for regions, in particular, by introducing indicators of the sanitary and epidemiological situation. The analysis of the state of regional economic systems during the pandemic allowed the authors to identify the real and expected challenges of the pandemic for the economic security of Russian regions.
Conslusions. The article proposes measures of state policy to ensure the economic security of Russian regions, taking into account the real and expected challenges of the pandemic. The obtained results develop the theoretical foundations of the study of the problems of economic security of regions, and can also be used in the practical activities of regional authorities as a methodological basis for the formation of tools for leveling threats to economic security.

1. Karpunina E. K., Sobolevskaya T. G. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' regionov i novye cifrovye gorizonty [Economic security of regions and new digital horizons]. Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika i upravlenie = Bulletin of Tver State University. Series: Economics and Management, 2020, no. 4 (52), pp. 136-148.

2. Karpunina E., Zabelina O., Galieva G., Melyakova E., Melnikova Y. Epidemic Threats and their Impact on the Economic Security of the State. Proceeding of the 35th IBIMA Conference, 1-2 April 2020. Seville, 2020, pp. 7671-7682.

3. Korolyuk E., Rustamova I., Kuzmenko N., Khashir B., Karpunina E. Diagnostics of Regional Economic Security Problems during the 2020 Crisis. Proceeding of the 37th IBIMA Conference, 1-2 April 2021. Cordoba, 2021, pp. 5248-5257.

4. Lomovtseva O. A., Soboleva S. Yu., Sobolev A. V. Comparative characteristics of models of state support for national economies of the world in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vestnik Uuniversiteta, 2021, no. 1, pp. 91–98.

5. Senchagov V. K. Ekonomicheskaya bezopasnost' Rossii [Economic security of Russia]. Moscow, Delo Publ., 2015. 896 p.

6. Matveeva E. E. Mekhanizm obespecheniya ekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti regiona [Mechanism of ensuring economic security of the region]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii = Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2018. no. 6, pp. 282–288.

7. Hasanov R., Korableva A. Indeks ekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti kak instrument ocenki razvitiya agropromyshlennyh regionov [Economic security index as a tool for assessing the development of agroindustrial regions]. Ekonomicheskaya politika = Economic Policy, 2019, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 82–101.

8. Lisova E., Petrov I., Koryakina T., Kalombo Mulamba V., Karpunina K. The Well-Being of Russian Regions under Threat: Economic and Social Impact Assessment of COVID-19. Proceeding of the 36th IBIMA conference, 4-5 November 2020. Granada, 2020, pp. 7603-7616.

9. Mejokh Z., Korolyuk E., Sozaeva D., Pilipchuk N., Karpunina E. Economic Security of Russian Regions: Risk Factors and Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Proceeding of the 36th IBIMA Conference, 4-5 November 2020. Granada, 2020, pp. 8197-8205.

10. Oveshnikova L. V., Sibirskaya E. V. [Covid-19 and its destructive impact on the economic security of Russian regions]. Rossiya: tendencii i perspektivy razvitiya. Materialy XX nacional'noj nauchnoj konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem [Russia: trends and prospects of development. Materials of the XX National Scientific Conference with international participation]. Moscow, Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021, pp. 1052-1055.

11. Informaciya dlya vedeniya monitoringa social'no-ekonomicheskogo polozheniya sub"ektov Rossijskoj Federacii [Information for monitoring the socio-economic situation of the subjects of the Russian Federation]. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/11109. (accessed 10.09.2021)

12. Byulleten' o tekushchih tendenciyah rossijskoj ekonomiki. Maj 2020. Dinamika promyshlennogo proizvodstva v Rossii [Bulletin on the current trends of the Russian economy. May 2020. Dynamics of industrial production in Russia]. Available at: https://ac.gov.ru/uploads/2-Publications/_maĭ_pechat'_(1).pdf. (accessed 10.09.2021)

13. V SKFO v yanvare-fevrale 2020 goda promproizvodstvo vyroslo na 5% [In the North Caucasus Federal district in January-February 2020, the industrial production increased by 5%]. Available at: https://kavkaz.rbc.ru/kavkaz/freenews/5e9561649a79470ed4650a80. (accessed 10.09.2021)

14. Oborot roznichnoj torgovli v Rossii v 2020 godu upal na 4,1% [Retail trade turnover in Russia in 2020, fell 4.1%]. Available at: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/10572773. (accessed 10.09.2021)

15. Social'no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii [Socio-economic situation of Russia]. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/compendium/document/50801. (accessed 10.09.2021)

16. Grasmik K. I. Innovacionnaya aktivnost' predpriyatij rossijskoj promyshlennosti v usloviyah ekonomicheskogo krizisa [Innovative activity of Russian industry enterprises in the conditions of economic crisis]. Problemy prognozirovaniya = Problems of Forecasting, 2018, no. 5(170), pp. 156-165.

17. Karpunina E. K., Molchan A. S., Listopad M. E. Vyzovy i ugrozy ekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti v usloviyah cifrovogo razvitiya [Challenges and threats to economic security in the context of digital development]. Krasnodar, Printterra Publ., 2020. 214 p.

18. Analitiki predskazali rost dolgov regionov v 2020 godu [Analysts predicted an increase in regional debts in 2020]. Available at: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/14/02/2020/5e452d389a79473fed9c76e6. (accessed 10.09.2021)

19. Gosudarstvennyj dolg rossijskih regionov vozobnovil rost [The public debt of Russian regions has resumed growth]. Available at: https://finance.rambler.ru/realty/44591906/?utm_content=finance_media&utm_medium=read_more&utm_source=copylink. (accessed 10.09.2021)

20. Ob"em i struktura gosudarstvennogo dolga sub"ektov Rossijskoj Federacii i dolga municipal'nyh obrazovanij na 1 fevralya 2020 g. [Volume and structure of public debt of the subjects of the Russian Federation and municipal debt as of February 1, 2020]. Available at: https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/document/?id_4=129691-obem_i_struktura_gosudarstvennogo_dolga_subektov_rossiiskoi_federatsii_i_dolga_munitsipalnykh_obrazovanii_na_1_fevralya_2020_g. (accessed 10.09.2021)

21. Ob"em i struktura gosudarstvennogo dolga sub"ektov Rossijskoj Federacii i dolga municipal'nyh obrazovanij na 1 fevralya 2021 g. [The volume and structure of the state debt of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the debt of municipalities as of February 1, 2021]. Available at: https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/document/?id_4=132612-obem_i_struktura_gosudarstvennogo_dolga_subektov_rossiiskoi_federatsii_i_dolga_munitsipalnykh_obrazovanii_na_1_fevralya_2021_g. (accessed 10.09.2021)

22. Dolgovaya nagruzka na regional'nye byudzhety vozobnovila svoj rost [The debt burden on regional budgets has resumed its growth]. Available at: https://riarating.ru/regions/20210218/630194870.html. (accessed 10.09.2021)

23. Rossijskaya ekonomika v 2020 godu: tendencii i perspektivy [The Russian economy in 2020: trends and prospects]. Available at: https://www.iep.ru/files/text/trends/2020/04.pdf. (accessed 10.09.2021)

24. Investicii v nefinansovye aktivy [Investments in non-financial assets]. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/investment_nonfinancial. (accessed 10.09.2021)

25. Izryadnova O., Volovik N., Lavrishcheva A. Strukturnye osobennosti investicionnoj deyatel'nosti v usloviyah pandemii [Structural features of investment activity in the conditions of a pandemic]. Rossijskoe ekonomicheskoe razvitie = Russian Economic Development, 2020, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 13-21.

26. Rosstat: chislo bezrabotnyh v Rossii v 2020 godu vyroslo na 24,7% [Rosstat: the number of unemployed in Russia in 2020 grew by 24.7%]. Available at: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/10572707. (accessed 10.09.2021)

27. Maksimova E. V., Muhina D. Yu. Izmeneniya na rynke truda v sovremennyh krizisnyh usloviyah [Changes in the labour market in the current crisis]. Normirovanie i oplata truda v promyshlennosti = Rationing and Remuneration in the Industry, 2020, no. 6, pp. 38-42.

28. Rosstat zafiksiroval rost bednosti na pike pandemii [Rosstat recorded an increase in poverty at the peak of the pandemic]. Available at: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/18/09/2020/5f64ba649a794707f1dd59d1. (accessed 10.09.2021)

29. Analitiki zafiksirovali rost dohodov zhitelej pochti chetverti regionov Rossii [Vedomosti. Analysts have recorded an increase in the incomes of residents of almost a quarter of Russia's regions]. Available at: https://www.vedomosti.ru/economics/news/2020/09/03/838728-analitiki-zafiksirovali-rostdohodov-zhitelei. (accessed 10.09.2021)

30. Koronavirus v Rossii. Dannye na 13.09.2021 [Coronavirus in Russia. Data as of 13.09.2021]. Available at: https://coronavirus-in.ru/. (accessed 10.09.2021)

31. Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki. Regional'nye iniciativy obespecheniya social'no-ekonomicheskoj stabil'nosti v usloviyah pandemii COVID-19: mery podderzhki biznesa i obespecheniya zanyatosti naseleniya [Higher School of Economics. Regional initiatives to ensure socio-economic stability in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: measures to support business and ensure employment]. Available at: https://region.hse.ru/anti-crisis. (accessed 10.09.2021)

32. Belov V. Torgovlya v usloviyah pandemii: business view [Trade in a pandemic: business view]. Available at: https://www.law.ru/blog/22678-torgovlya-v-usloviyah-pandemii-business-view. (accessed 10.09.2021)

33. Zadolzhennost' i COVID-19: global'nye mery reagirovaniya v duhe solidarnosti [Debt and COVID-19: a global response in a spirit of solidarity]. Available at: https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/russian_debt_and_covid.pdf. (accessed 10.09.2021)