Population Readiness for Separate Collection of Municipal Solid Waste (Example of Disposable Diapers)

The relevance of the study is due to the constantly growing environmental damage caused by used disposable diapers.
The purpose of the study was to determine the potential of public participation in the disposal of disposable diapers.
Objectives: to determine the intensity and volume of use of disposable diapers, the possibility of abandoning them and switching to alternatives, to determine the readiness of the population for the disposal of household waste, including disposable diapers.
The research methodology is based on the scientific concepts of the reform of solid municipal waste management (garbage reform), which involves the involvement of citizens in the process of solving socially significant environmental problems. The analysis of the population's attitude to the disposal of disposable diapers was carried out on the basis of data from mass sociological surveys conducted by the authors in 2020.
The results of the study make it possible to state: the use of disposable diapers has become an integral part of parents' lives and the rejection of this hygiene product is unlikely to happen in the near future, therefore, the relevance of recycling and recycling of disposable diapers will not be reduced. The target audience of users of disposable diapers is mainly married women aged 26 to 45 years, living in a nucleic family of 3-4 people in apartment buildings without a trash or private houses. The income per family member in the target group ranges from one to two times the minimum wage.
The target group under study considers the problem of sorting household waste to be important and is ready to separate disposable diapers from household waste. Under these conditions, economic incentives are needed to implement separate collection. The possibility of receiving bonuses when buying a new batch of goods or providing free packaging of used diapers can positively influence the decision to separate a disposable diaper from household waste.
Conslusions. The authors conclude that the authorities should take into account the results of the survey before developing measures for the disposal of disposable diapers and draw conclusions about how to come to a compromise solution.

1. Obosnovanie vybora optimal'nogo sposoba obezvrezhivaniya tvyordyh bytovyh othodov zhilogo fonda v gorodah Rossii [Justification of the choice of the optimal method of neutralization of solid household waste of the housing stock in the cities of Russia]. Available at: http://rpn.gov.ru/node/6481. (accessed 10.09.2021)

2. Lapova E. V., Nor P. E. Zagryaznenie okruzhayushchej sredy ispol'zovannymi odnorazovymi podguznikami i obzor mirovogo opyta ih utilizacii [Environmental pollution by used disposable diapers and a review of the world experience in their disposal]. Molodoj uchenyj = A Young Scientist, 2016, no. 27, pp. 194–197.

3. Bershadskaya M. B. Utilizaciya odnorazovyh podguznikov [Disposal of disposable diapers]. Available at: https://dezr.ru/86-dezinfektsiya-v-lpu/77-utilizatsiya. (accessed 25.09.2021)

4. Myurrej R. Cel' – Zero Waste [Goal-Zero Waste]. Moscow, Greenpeace Council Publ., 2004. 232 р.

5. Fesenko R. S. Recikling kak mekhanizm ekologo-ekonomicheskoj sbalansirovannosti regional'nogo razvitiya [Recycling as a mechanism of ecological and economic balance of regional development]. Ekonomicheskie i social'nye peremeny: fakty, tendencii, prognoz = Economical and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast, 2011, no 5, рр. 161–169.

6. Kholyavko T. I. Utilizaciya tverdyh bytovyh othodov v Sankt-Peterburge, Stokgol'me, Tokio i Hel'sinki [Solid waste disposal in St. Petersburg, Stockholm, Tokyo and Helsinki]. Strategiya ustojchivogo razvitiya regionov Rossii = The Strategy of Sustainable Development of The Regions of Russia, 2014, no. 19, pp. 89-93.

7. Babanin I. V. Musornaya revolyuciya. Kak reshit' problemu bytovyh othodov s minimal'nymi zatratami [Garbage Revolution. How to solve the problem of household waste with minimal costs]. Moscow, Greenpeace Council Publ., 2018. 22 p.

8. Volkov V. R., Andreeva M. M., Glebov A. N. Otnoshenie naseleniya Respubliki Tatarstan k utilizacii TBO: social'nyj analiz [The attitude of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan to the disposal of solid waste: a social analysis]. Vestnik ekonomiki, prava i sociologii = Bulletin of Economics, Law and Sociology, 2015, no. 1, pp. 180–186.

9. Guseva A. Yu., Polishchuk A. A. O gotovnosti zhitelej Peterburga k razdel'nomu sboru othodov: social'no-ekologicheskie aspekty utilizacii plastika [On the readiness of St. Petersburg residents for separate waste collection: socio-ecological aspects of plastic recycling]. Uchenye zapiski Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo gidrometeorologicheskogo universiteta = Scientific Notes of the Russian State Hydrometeorological University, 2017, no. 47, pp. 205–215.

10. Kopytova A. I. Arysheva G. V., Kopytova E. M. [Results of a sociological study of the population of Tomsk on garbage sorting]. Energo-resursoeffektivnost' v interesah ustojchivogo razvitiya. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii [Energy Resource Efficiency in the Interests of Sustainable Development. Collection of scientific papers of the International Scientific Conference]. Tomsk, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Publ., 2018, pp. 303–304. (In Russ.)

11. Aladyshkina A. S., Lakshina V. V., Leonova L. A. [A study of the readiness of Nizhny Novgorod residents to separate collection of solid municipal waste]. Strategii i instrumenty ekologicheski ustojchivogo razvitiya ekonomiki. Sbornik trudov KhV Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii Rossiiskogo obshchestva ekologicheskoi ekonomiki [Strategies and tools for environmentally sustainable economic development. Proceedings of the XV International Scientific and Practical Conference of the Russian Society of Ecological Economics]. Stavropol, Publishing House AGRUS, 2019, pp. 178–182. (In Russ.)

12. Charnetskiy V. V., Yushina U. V. [Methods and means of disposal of disposable diapers]. Aktual'nye problemy ekologii i ohrany truda. Sbornik statei XII Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, Kursk, 20 maya 2020 goda [Actual problems of ecology and labor protection. Collection of articles of the XII International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Kursk, Southwest State University Publ., 2020, pp. 149–153. (In Russ.)

13. Rossiyane stali bol'she zabotit'sya ob ekologii [Russians have become more concerned about the environment]. Available at: https://romir.ru/studies/rossiyane-stali-bolshe-zabotitsya-ob-ekologii. (accessed 20.09.2021)

14. Razdel'nyj sbor othodov [Separate waste collection]. Available at: https://www.levada.ru/2020/05/13/razdelnyj-sbor-othodov/. (accessed 20.09.2021)

15. Vertegel A. A. Psihologicheskie i gigienicheskie problemy, svyazannye s ispol'zovaniem sovremennyh sredstv uhoda za rebenkom [Psychological and hygienic problems associated with the use of modern means of child care]. Klinicheskaya i special'naya psihologiya = Clinical and Special Psychology, 2012, no. 1, pp. 76–83.

16. Keshishyan E. S., Sakharova E. S., Afanasyeva N. V. Odnorazovye podguzniki: za i protiv. Rol' medicinskoj sestry v patronazhe mladenca [Disposable diapers: pros and cons. The role of a nurse in the patronage of an infant]. Medicinskij sovet = Medical Advice, 2019, no. 11, pp. 34–40.

17. Timofeeva O. G. Opredeleniya motivacionnogo faktora pri razrabotke sistemy selektivnogo sbora tverdyh bytovyh othodov [Determination of the motivational factor in the development of a system of selective collection of solid household waste]. Molodoj uchenyj. = Young Scientist, 2013, no. 11 (58), pp. 470–472.

18. Tabekina O. A., Fedotova O. V. Issledovanie otnosheniya rossijskih potrebitelej k voprosu utilizacii i pererabotki othodov (na primere g. Nizhnego Novgoroda) [Research of the attitude of Russian consumers to the issue of waste disposal and recycling (on the example of Nizhny Novgorod)]. Dajdzhest-finansy = Digest-Finance, 2014, no. 2 (230), pp. 57–63.

19. Shabanova M. A. Razdel'nyy sbor bytovykh otkhodov kak dobrovol'naya praktika rossiyan: dinamika, faktory, potentsial [Separate waste collection as russians' voluntary practice: the dynamics, factors and potential]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya = Sociological Research, 2021, no. 8, pp. 103–117.

20. Timofeev G. G., Timofeeva O. G. K voprosu razrabotki sistemy upravleniya tverdymi bytovymi otkhodami v ramkakh ustoychivogo razvitiya regiona [The question of the development of municipal solid waste management in the sustainable development of the region]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Tekhnika i tekhnologii = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technologies, 2012, no. 2-3, pp. 286–289.