Sociological Principles of Creating a Comfortable and Favorable Environment

Relevance. Creating a comfortable environment is one of the priorities of the state policy of the Russian Federation. The rights of the individual to favorable living conditions, reliable information about the state of the place of residence and ensuring environmental safety are enshrined in the basic law of the state. However, not all regions of our country have comfortable and safe living conditions. This circumstance implies the need to develop new ideas and principles of environmental management. The solution may be to capitalize on social health.
The purpose is to create a comfortable and favorable environment by consolidating the efforts of people with social health, with subsequent capitalization.
Objectives: analysis and selection of social design methods for creating a comfortable and favorable environment; development of measures that contribute to the formation of a comfortable and favorable environment; creation of a model of a comfortable and favorable environment.
Methodology. Methods of social design, theoretical and methodological analysis, organizational and environmental methods were used to solve the tasks. The author's research was carried out using the methodology of quantitative methods in the framework of a structural and functional approach.
Results. Measures have been developed that contribute to the formation of a comfortable and favorable environment. These include the universal family recreation and leisure zone of the microdistrict; attracting people for self-realization on urban sites through street art; design code of the city of Kursk; creation of eco-parks; decentralization of heat supply; installation of automatic machines for collecting plastic bottles and aluminum cans. The author's model of a comfortable and favorable environment is also proposed.
Conclusions. Creating a comfortable and favorable environment is an urgent problem that requires immediate solutions.In addition, it is a long and painstaking process that cannot be started without involving the General population. It is public structures that should become the body that will not only increase the level of environmental literacy of the population, but also encourage them to take concrete actions aimed at creating a comfortable and favorable environment for life.

1. Ob ohrane okruzhayushchej sredy [On environmental protection]. Federal Law of January 10, 2002 № 7-FZ. Available at: http://www.consultant.ru/ document / cons_doc_LAW_34823/. (accessed 04.01.2021)

2. O sanitarno-epidemiologicheskom blagopoluchii naseleniya [Оn sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population]. Federal Law of March 30, 1999 № 52-FZ. Available at: http:// www.consultant.ru/ document/cons_doc_LAW_22481/. (accessed 04.01.2021)

3. O radiacionnoj bezopasnosti naseleniya [Оn radiation safety of the population]. Federal Law of January 09, 1996 № 3-FZ. Available at: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_8797/. (accessed 04.01.2021)

4. Normativno-pravovoe regulirovanie formirovaniya komfortnoj gorodskoj sredy v sub"ektah Rossijskoj Federacii [Normative and legal regulation of the formation of a comfortable urban environment in the subjects of the Russian Federation]. Available at: http://council.gov.ru/activity/activities/ roundtables/90124/. (accessed 04.01.2021)

5. Markovich D. J. Sotsial'naya ekologiya [Social ecology]. Moscow, RUDN Publishing House, 1997. 435 p.

6. Golovina A. A. Sotsiologicheskie printsipy obustroistva sredy obitaniya krupnykh gorodov [Sociological principles of arrangement of the habitat of large cities]. Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Sotsiologiya. Politologiya = Proceedings of the Saratov University. New Series. Series: Sociology. Political Science, 2019, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 183-185.

7. Dridze T. M. Ekoantropotsentricheskaya model' sotsial'nogo poznaniya kak put' k preodoleniyu paradigmal'nogo krizisa v sotsiologii [Ecoanthropocentric model of social cognition as a way to overcome the paradigm crisis in sociology]. Sotsiologicheskiye issledovaniya = Sociological Research, 2000, no. 2, pp. 20-28.

8. Ilchenko I. A. Kachestvo sredy obitaniya i kachestvo zhizni v kontekste proektirovaniya razvitiya munitsipal'nogo obrazovaniya [Quality of habitat and quality of life in the context of designing the development of a municipal formation]. Vestnik Taganrogskogo instituta upravleniya i ekonomiki = Bulletin of the Taganrog Institute of Management and Economics, 2015, no. 1 (21), pp. 107-112.

9. Park R. Gorod kak social'naya laboratoriya [City as a social laboratory]. Sociologicheskoe obozrenie = Sociological Review, 2002, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 3-12.

10. Lisovets I. M. Gorod kak predmet urbanistiki i kul'turologii [City as a subject of urban studies and cultural studies]. Akademicheskij vestnik UralNIIproekt RAASN = Academic Bulletin of Uralniiproekt RAASN, 2009, no. 3, pp. 24-25.

11. Babushkina A. A. Ispol'zovanie metodov urbanistiki pri reshenii voprosa organizacii parkovok [Use of urbanistic methods in solving the problem of Parking organization]. Akademicheskij vestnik UralNIIproekt RAASN = Academic Bulletin of Uralniiproekt RAASN, 2020, no. 1 (44), pp. 30-34.

12. Pavlov A. A. Evolyuciya predstavlenij o gorodskom ustrojstve v kontekste razvitiya obshchestva [Evolution of ideas about urban structure in the context of society development]. Nauchnoe obozrenie. Seriya 2: Gumanitarnye nauki = Scientific Review. Series 2: Humanities, 2019, no. 3-4, pp. 15-22.

13. Speck D. Gorod dlya peshekhoda [City for pedestrians]. Moscow, Art of the XXI Century Publ., 2015. 352 p.

14. Prelikova E. A. K voprosu upravleniya kapitalizaciej social'nogo zdorov'ya [To the issue of managing the capitalization of the social health]. Obrazovanie i problemy razvitiya obshchestva = Education and Problems of Development of Society, 2020, no. 1 (10), pp. 145-151.

15. Potemkin V. K. Social'noe zdorov'e naseleniya v usloviyah industrial'nogo razvitiya sredy obitaniya [Social health of the population in the conditions of industrial development of the habitat]. St. Petersburg, Info-da Publ., 2009. 101 p.

16. Gafiatulina N. H. Sotsiologicheskii analiz kontseptual'nykh modelei sotsial'nogo zdorov'ya individa [Sociological analysis of conceptual models of individual social health]. Inzhenernyy vestnik Dona = Engineering Bulletin of the Don, 2013, vol. 27, no. 4. pp. 100-110.

17. Savich L. E. Social'noe zdorov'e: kul'turologicheskij podhod [Social health: a cultural approach]. Kazan, Kultura Publ., 2011. 159 p.

18. Durkheim E. Sociologiya. Eyo predmet, metod, prednaznachenie [Sociology. Its object, method, purpose]. Moscow, Canon Publ., 1995. 352 p.

19. Prelikova E. A., Yushin V. V., Zotov V. V. Management of local community social capital when solving the problems of urban environment pollution with solid municipal waste. Available at: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/459/3/032065. (accessed 05.01.2021)

20. Prelikova E. A. Upravlenie ustojchivym razvitiem sredy obitaniya [Management for sustainable development of the environment]. Kursk, ZAO "Universitetskay kniga", 2020. 125 p.

21. Mamonova E. V. Chto dast gorodam Rossii programma razvitiya komfortnoj sredy [What will the program of development of a comfortable environment give to Russian cities]. Available at: https://rg.ru/2019/03/13/chto-dast-gorodam-rossii-programma-razvitiia-komfortnoj-sredy.html. (accessed 05.01.2021)

22. Prelikova E. A. Social'no zdorovyj individ i ego vklad v proektirovanie blagopriyatnoj gorodskoj sredy obitaniya [A socially healthy individual and his contribution to the design of a favorable urban environment]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sociologiya. Menedzhment = Proceedings of Southwest State University. Series: Economics. Sociology. Management, 2020, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 209-217.