The Russian Labor Market in the Information Technology Industry in 2021

Relevance. The pandemic served as a catalyst for the digitalization of the economy, accelerated the processes of automation and digitalization in all spheres of the economy and in the social life of society. The key problem faced by IT companies in connection with the widespread introduction of information technology is the increased need for qualified programmers and analysts. The current situation has led to the need to assess the labor market of the IT sector in order to identify trends in meeting the demand for IT specialists.

The purpose of the study: to assess the current situation and trends in the development of the labor market of IT specialists in our country after a one-year pandemic.

The objectives: the number of IT specialists in the country's economy; the job market, requests and offers from employers; the structure of vacancies; activity and portrait of applicants.

The research methodology is based on a systematic approach. The research is based on a resource approach. Traditional methods for theoretical and applied research were used - statistical analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization. The research material was statistical data of Rosstat and the All-Russian federal database of vacancies and resumes, analytical materials of labor market research of IT specialists.

Results. The pandemic accelerated the processes of digitalization of the economy and social life of society, caused a new round of competition for IT specialists. Research has revealed a growing need for IT specialists in all areas of the economy. There was an imbalance of supply and demand in the industrial labor market. Programmers are one of the most needed and paid specialists, the need for which is observed in all sectors of the economy.

Conclusions. There was a need to change the paradigm of staff search and recruitment. How well the employer company will be represented on the market and how well it will behave with applicants in the process of coordinating the interests of the employer and the employee, so the success of hiring the right specialist will be ensured.

1. Firsova S. V., Danilina O. M. Cifrovaya transformaciya v gosudarstvennom upravlenii [Digital transformation in public administration]. Municipal'naya akademiya = Municipal Academy, 2021, no. 1, pp. 54-61. https://doi.org/10.52176/2304831X_2021_01_54.

2. Shahvorostov G. I., Chaplygin G. A. Cifrovaya transformaciya v sfere zdravoohraneniya v usloviyah koronovirusnoj epidemii [Digital transformation in the field of healthcare in the conditions of the coronavirus epidemic]. Region: sistemy, ekonomika, upravlenie = Region: Systems, Economics, Mmanagement, 2020, no. 3 (50), pp. 136-142.

3. Zvoncov A. V., Fomina I. G. Cifrovaya transformaciya obrazovaniya [Digital transformation of education]. Sovremennoe obrazovanie: soderzhanie, tekhnologii, kachestvo = Modern Education: Ccontent, Technology, Quality, 2020, vol. 1, pp. 23-25.

4. Magomedov M. N., Noskova N. A. Cifrovaya transformaciya sfery kul'tury [Digital transformation of the sphere of culture]. Peterburgskij ekonomicheskij zhurnal = St. Petersburg Economic Journal, 2021, no. 1, pp. 27-36.

5. Sibiryaev A. S., Zazimko V. L., Dodov R. H. Cifrovaya transformaciya i cifrovye platformy v sel'skom hozyajstve [Digital transformation and digital platforms in agriculture]. Vestnik NGIEI = Vestnik NGIEI, 2020, no. 12 (115), pp. 96-108.

6. Stasyuk M. V. Cifrovaya transformaciya i cifrovoe razvitie regionov Rossii [Digital transformation and digital development of the regions of Russia]. Aktual'nye nauchnye issledovaniya v sovremennom mire = Actual Scientific Research in the Modern World, 2021, no. 3-2 (71), pp. 179-183.

7. Chernyh V. V., Suvorova A. P., Bazhenov R. I. Cifrovaya transformaciya ekonomicheskih sistem – faktor strategicheskogo razvitiya territorij [Digital transformation of economic systems ‒ a factor of strategic development of territories]. Vestnik NGIEI = Vestnik NGIEI, 2019, no. 12 (103), pp. 105-120.

8. Demura N. A., Yarmolenko L. I., Kazhanova E. Yu. Cifrovizaciya kak neobhodimoe uslovie ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Rossii i regionov [Digitalization as a necessary condition for the economic development of Russia and the regions]. Ekonomika ustojchivogo razvitiya = Economics of Sustainable Development, 2019, no. 2 (38), pp. 126-130.

9. Hafizova E. R., Fazulzyanova A. R., Husainova E. A. Cifrovaya trans-formaciya v ekonomike [Digital transformation in economics]. Tribuna uchenogo = Tribune of the Scientist, 2021, no. 1, pp. 588- 592.

10. Kopteva Zh. Yu., Tomakova I. A., Piyal'cev A. I. Kadry kak pokazatel' innovacionnogo razvitiya regionov Rossii [Personnel as an indicator of innovative development of the regions of Russia]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sociologiya. Menedzhment = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Economics. Sociology. Management, 2021, vol. 11, no. 4, рр. 193-203.

11. Kopteva Zh. Yu., Tomakova I. A. Razvitie kadrovogo potenciala kak osnovy dlya formirovaniya cifrovoj ekonomiki [Development of human resources potential as a basis for the formation of the digital economy]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sociologiya. Menedzhment = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Economics. Sociology. Management, 2021, vol. 11, no. 1, рр. 151-163.

12. Tomakova I. A. Universitet kak integrator innovacionnyh obrazo-vatel'nyh processov podgotovki kadrov dolya razvitiya cifrovoj ekonomiki regiona [University as an integrator of innovative educational processes of personnel training share of the development of the digital economy of the region]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sociologiya. Menedzhment = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Economics. Sociology. Management, 2021, vol. 11, no. 2, рр. 163-179.

13. Potapova K. Vse delo v kadrah [Potapova K. It's all about the shots]. Available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/app/6004811?from=doc. (accessed 30.10.2021)

14. Klimova Yu. O. Analiz kadrovoj obespechennosti otrasli informacionnyh tekhnologij na federal'nom i regional'nom urovnyah [Analysis of the staffing of the information technology industry at the federal and regional levels]. Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika = Bulletin of Omsk University. The Series: Economics, 2020, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 126-138. https://doi.org/10.24147/1812-3988.2020.18(1)126-138

15. Volotovskij D. S., Solodilova E. S. Deficit specialistov v IT-sfere [Shortage of specialists in the IT sphere]. Evrazijskoe Nauchnoe Ob"edinenie = Eurasian Scientific Association, 2021, no. 1-2 (71), pp. 88-91.

16. Mizinceva M. F., Sardaryan A. R. Transformaciya rossijskogo rynka truda v usloviyah pandemii: osnovnye problemy i tendencii [Transformation of the Russian labor market in a pandemic: the main problems and trends]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika = Bulletin of the Volgograd State University. Economy, 2021, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 102-109. https://doi.org/ 10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2021.1.8

17. Gajdaenko A. A., Hripacheva E. V., Hudov A. M. Osobennosti rynka truda v period pandemii COVID-19 [Features of the labor market during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Innovacii i investicii= Innovation and Investment, 2021, no. 3, pp. 126-131.

18. Kak koronokrizis povliyal na rynok truda v IT-issledovanie hh.ru i OTUS Onlajn-obrazovanie (12 maya 2021) [How the coronocrisis affected the labor market in IT research hh.ru and OTUS Online Education (May 12, 2021)]. Available at: https://kursk.hh.ru/article/28508. (accessed 07.10.2021)

19. Volkodaeva A. V., Balanovskaya A. V., Chulkov A. V. Tendencii vostrebovannosti specialistov sfery informacionnyh tekhnologij na rynke truda v Rossii [Trends in the demand for information technology specialists in the labor market in Russia]. Nauka Krasnoyar'ya = Science of Krasnoyarsk Region, 2021, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 174-187. https://doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2021-10-3-174-187

20. Petrova O. S. Klyuchevye parametry privlekatel'nosti kompanii kak rabotodatelya dlya ITspecialistov i ih rol' v razrabotke modeli formirovaniya HR-brenda na rynke truda [Key parameters of a company's attractiveness as an employer for IT specialists and their role in developing a model of HR brand formation in the labor market]. Aktual'nye problemy ekonomiki i menedzhmenta = Actual Problems of Economics and Management, 2019, no. 4 (24), pp. 94-104.

21. Tomskih A. A. Rossijskij rynok truda: tendencii i transformacii [The Russian labor market: trends and transformations]. Vestnik Zabajkal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Trans-Baikal State University, 2020, vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 120-126. https://doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2020-26-10-120-126

22. "Cupercikl" v ekonomike posle pandemii: v kakie otrasli investirovat' [The "super cycle" in the economy after the pandemic: which industries to invest in]. Available at: https://quote.rbc.ru/news/article/609ea73a9a794708193c41ed. (accessed 10.10.2021).

23. Rossijskij statisticheskij ezhegodnik. 2020. Statisticheskii sbornik [Russian Statistical Yearbook. 2020. Statistical collection]. Moscow, Rosstat Publ., 2020, p. 700.

24. IT-kadry dlya cifrovoj ekonomiki v Rossii. Ocenka chislennosti IT-specialistov v Rossii i prognoz potrebnosti v nih do 2024 g. [IT personnel for the digital economy in Russia. Estimation of the number of IT specialists in Russia and forecast of the need for them until 2024]. Available at: https://apkit.ru/files/it-personnel%20research_2024_APKIT.pdf. (accessed 23.10.2021)

25. Obzor rynka truda v IT-sfere v nachale 2021 goda v Rossii i Sankt-Peterburge [Overview of the IT labor market at the beginning of 2021 in Russia and St. Petersburg]. Available at: https://mytischi.hh.ru/article/28685. (accessed 23.10.2021)

26. Rabota v Kurske, poisk personala i publikaciya vakansij [Work in Kursk, search for staff and publication of vacancies]. Available at: https://kursk.hh.ru/search/vacancy?clusters=true&ored_clusters=true&enable_snippets=true&salary=&text=программист. (accessed 16.10.2021)

27. Spros na programmistov v Rossii vyros za god na 72% [The demand for programmers in Russia has grown by 72% over the year]. Available at: https://newizv.ru/news/economy/13-09-2021/spros-naprogrammistov-v-rossii-vyros-za-god-na-72. (accessed 07.10.2021)

28. Kak nanimat' specialista v 2021 godu [How to hire a specialist in 2021]. Available at: https://mcs.mail.ru/blog/naem-it-spetsialistov-v-2021-godu. (accessed 16.10.2021)

29. Rossiya ‒ statistika rynka truda. Dinamika vakansij [Russia ‒ labor market statistics. The dynamics of vacancies]. Available at: https://stats.hh.ru/#structureVacancies%5Bactive%5D=true. (accessed 10.10.2021)

30. Marchuk V. I. Problemy ispol'zovaniya informacionnyh tekhnologij v malom biznese [Problems of using information technologies in small business]. Nauchno-metodicheskij elektronnyj zhurnal "Koncept" = Scientific and Methodological Electronic Journal "Concept", 2015, no. 5, pp. 51-55.