Economic and legal framework for regulating the mushroom growing industry in the Russian Federation

Relevance. The country's food security remains a strategic objective of any national jurisdiction, the solution of which is based on an integrated approach to the organization of food production processes. One of the developing and promising branches of agriculture in Russia is mushroom farming, which was classified as crop production only in 2020 and received its own code in the classifier. The mushroom market is currently experiencing a shortage due to sanctions restrictions on the supply of products to Russia, which creates favorable prospects for the development of the domestic mushroom industry, which needs government support and subsidies.
The purpose is to study the specifics of the organization and management of the mushroom industry.
Objectives. In the process of working on the article, the following tasks were set and solved: to consider the features and specifics of the Russian mushroom industry, to assess its regulatory and legal field of operation, to identify its position in the general classifier of agro-industrial complex products, to assess the pace of development, to identify the main problems hindering the development of this industry and scaling its production capacity.
Methodology. The assessment of the economic and legal foundations for regulating relations in the mushroom industry was carried out on the basis of a content analysis of the existing legal framework, and methods of systematization, analogy, generalization, and analysis of digital data were also used.
Results. Mushroom farming is a new branch of agribusiness, which over the past three decades has emerged as a sustainable production of plant products. The effectiveness of the mushroom business is dictated by the popularity of mushrooms and their valuable nutritional properties, as well as the demand in the market, which is now partially closed by imports.
Conclusions. Russian mushroom farming needs a clear legal framework for product identification and mechanisms for state support for producers, which will allow it to scale.

1. Zimnyakov V.M., Il'ina G.V., Il'in D.Yu. Mushroom production in Russia. Surskii vestnik = Sursky Vestnik. 2022;(1):69-74. (In Russ.)

2. Doinikov P.I. On the legal nature, content and types of mushroom management law (mycological law). Pravo i gosudarstvo: teoriya i praktika = Law and the State: Theory and Practice. 2025;(2):193-196. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.47643/1815-1337_2025_2_193.

3. Doinikov P.I. On the legal nature, content and types of environmental management. Agrarnoe i zemel'noe pravo = Agrarian and Land Law. 2024;6(234):131-134. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.47643/1815-1329_2024_6_131. EDN: VEQZU.

4. Alekseeva K.L. Production of edible mushrooms: import substitution and development prospects. Kartofel' i ovoshchi = Potatoes and Vegetables. 2024;(7):21-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25630/PAV.2024.79.27.002.

5. Khrenov A.V. Champignons require attention. Shkola gribovodstva = Mushroom Growing School. 2025;(6):11-17. (In Russ.)

6. Khrenov A.V. An increase in retail prices for mushrooms may slow down the dynamics of their consumption. Shkola gribovodstva = Mushroom Growing School. 2025;(6):4-5. (In Russ.)

7. Soldatenko A.V., Razin A.F., Nurmetov R.D., Devochkina N.N., Razin O.A. Industrial mushroom farming as an innovative area of economic activity in the field of agriculture of the Russian Federation. Ovoshchi Rossii = Vegetables of Russia. 2018;(3):89–92. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2018-3-89-92.

8. Razin A.F., Meshcheryakova R.A., Devochkina N.L., Razin O.A. The current state of Russian mushroom farming and the risks (vulnerability) of production of cultivated mushrooms. Ekonomika sel'skogo khozyaistva = Agricultural Economics. 2020;(9):43–50. (In Russ.)

9. Ivanov A.I. Ecological aspects of mushroom growing in Russia. Teoreticheskaya i prikladnaya ekologiya = Theoretical and Applied Ecology. 2021;(3):6-12. (In Russ.)

10. Chitrakar B., Zhang M., Bhesh Bhandari B. Improvement strategies of food supply chain through novel food processing technologies during COVID-19 pandemic. Food Control. 2021;(125): 108010.

11. Fedotova G.V. Formation of the national legislative framework for strategic economic management. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sotsiologiya. Menedzhment = Proceedings of the Southwestern State University. Series: Economics, Sociology and Management. 2014;(1):20-29. (In Russ.)

12. Paronyan A.S., Popad'ina N.V., Svyatova O.V. Methodological approaches to the formation of sugar prices. Vestnik Kurskoi gosudarstvennoi sel'skokhozyaistvennoi akademii = Bulletin of the Kursk State Agricultural Academy. 2013;(3):23–26. (In Russ.)

13. Fedotova G.V. Program budget in regional strategic planning. Daidzhest-finansy = Digest-Finance. 2013;(12):29-34. (In Russ.)

14. Sazonov S.P., Fedotova G.V., Sibagatulina L.M. Analysis of government import substitution programs. Finansovaya analitika: problemy i resheniya = Financial Analytics: Problems and Solutions. 2016;(9):12-21. (In Russ.)

15. Gorlov I.F., Fedotova G.V., Slozhenkina M.I., Mosolova N.I., Barmina T.N. Digital transformation in agriculture. Agrarnopishchevye innovatsii = Agricultural and Food Innovations. 2019;(1):28-35. (In Russ.)

16. Lazareva T.G., Aleksandrova E.G., Makushina T.N., Vlasova N.I., Lipatova N.N. Assessment and prospects for the development of industrial mushroom farming in Russia. Vestnik Evraziiskoi nauki = Bulletin of Eurasian Science. 2021;13(2):32. (In Russ.)

17. Fedotova G.V. Methodology for auditing the effectiveness of budget expenditures. Finansy i kredit = Finance and Credit. 2009;(14):15-26. (In Russ.)

18. Afanas'ev V.I. About the economic efficiency of mushroom farming in Russia. Ekonomika, trud, upravlenie v sel'skom khozyaistve = Economics, Labor, Management in Agriculture. 2020;(8):99-103. (In Russ.)

19. Fedotova G.V., Slozhenkina M.I., Mitrofanova I.V., Lamzin R.M. Artificial intelligence as an innovative vector of management of the regional agro-industrial complex. Regional'naya ekonomika Yug Rossii = Regional Economy. The South of Russia. 2021;9(1):152-162. (In Russ.)

20. Aleksandrova E.G., Milyutkin V.A., Blinova O.A. Assessment of yield and quality of doublespore champignon mushrooms. In: BIO Web of Conferences: International Scientific-Practical Conference “Agriculture and Food Security: Technology, Innovation, Markets, Human Resources” (FIES 2019). Kazan: EDP Sciences; 2020. P. 00040. (In Russ.)

21. Fedotova G.V., Slozhenkina M.I. The impact of climate change on the structure of the global agro-industrial complex. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika. Sotsiologiya. Menedzhment = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Economics, Sociology and Management. 2020;10(3):23-35. (In Russ.)