TRENDS OF THE WORLD AND NATIONAL ECONOMY
Relevance. The concept of natural solutions has become popular due to the growing attention to the problem of climate change. Scientists and politicians are actively looking for ways to use natural solutions to solve environmental problems. Research has proven that natural climate solutions (RCC) can provide more than 30% of cost-effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions needed by 2030 to stabilize global warming below 2°C. An important advantage of RCC is their economic feasibility, expressed in a lower cost compared to technological solutions for CO2 sequestration. The contribution of natural eco-systems to climate regulation has led to their active use in the formation of national climate policies. However, a complete economic assessment of the RCC is a very difficult task that needs to be solved worldwide.
The purpose is to study the evolution of the formation of the constituent elements of the economic assessment of natural and climatic solutions in the context of international and Russian practice.
Objectives: to substantiate the elements of the economic assessment of the RCC, to analyze methodological approaches to the assessment of the RCC, to form approaches to assessing the economic effectiveness of the implementation of the RCC.
Methodology. The official documents of the UN Environment Committee, documents of the Independent Analytical Center in the field of International Sustainable Development Management Policy formation of the International Institute for Sustainable Development, reports prepared by the IPCC group were used.
Results. The inclusion of the cost of ecosystem services in the assessment of the RCC is justified, the advantages and disadvantages of the main methodological approaches to the assessment of the RCC are identified, key approaches to assessing the economic effectiveness of the implementation of the RCC are formed: internal, external and general.
Conclusions. The principles and methods of natural-economic and ecosystem accounting form the basis of the economic assessment of the RCC. A comprehensive economic assessment reflects the monetary contribution of the ecosystem to sustainable development by evaluating ecosystem assets involved in the implementation of the RCC and the ecosystem services they produce, which contributes to increasing the adaptability of socio-economic systems to environmental shocks.
MANAGEMENT IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Relevance. In modern economic conditions, partnerships cover a wide range of issues: from the motives for creating to evaluating the results of cooperation. To understand the specifics of managing external business partnerships, it is necessary to systematize the main stages of their creation and development.
The purpose of writing this article is to apply a stadium approach to managing partnerships to identify promising areas for their development.
Objectives: Tasks: to complete the list of stages (highlighted and proposed earlier by other researchers) of the creation and development of external partnerships in business; to give a detailed description of each of the highlighted stages; to identify the key characteristics of external partnerships between organizations at various stages of formation and development.
Methodology. When writing this article, a set of general scientific methods of cognition was used: observation, comparison, description, content analysis.
Results. The proposed study presents the results of a discussion among some foreign and domestic scientists considering the categorical apparatus of partnerships between organizations. In the article, the author has supplemented the list of stages of partnerships (origin, development and maturity), identified and proposed earlier by other researchers, with the final stage. The article presents a sequence of stages of external partnerships with an appropriate characteristic. Attention is paid to the description of partnership forms (clusters, consortia, technoparks, strategic alliances) in the event of a possible transition of business relations (at the final stage) to a new level characterized by a long duration of cooperation.
Conclusions. The key characteristics of each stage of partnership relations are systematized, which will allow in the future to carry out managerial influences on the formation and development of business interaction.
Relevance. The fundamentals of control activities are based on effective risk management. The main burden on the internal control system is aimed at ensuring compliance by the audit subject with regulatory and legislative acts governing the activities of treasury bodies, timely detection and prevention of treasury risks in order to implement the necessary preventive measures aimed at minimizing the likelihood of the occurrence of negative consequences associated with them for the activities of the department.
The purpose of the study is to assess the stability of the treasury system as a result of treasury risk management.
Objectives: consideration of theoretical and organizational and legal aspects of budget execution, assessment of the treasury system, determination of areas for improving treasury control as a factor in operational efficiency in managing the budget process at the regional level.
Methodology. The authors used general scientific methods of research, vertical and horizontal analysis, comparison, summary and grouping, generalization of scientific practice, forecasting.
Results. The conducted research allowed to form and highlight the following scientific results: to determine the role of treasury bodies in the system of state financial control at the regional level, to conduct a general analysis of the activities of the Federal Treasury Department in the Kursk Region and to analyze the treasury execution of the budget of the Kursk Region, to identify risks for the treasury system when introducing the digital ruble.
Conclusions. Control is the main procedure of the treasury system of budget execution. Cash servicing of budget execution involves the implementation and accounting of cash transactions on income and expenses and sources of financing deficits. The Federal Treasury Department in the Kursk Region plays an important role in the financial system of the region and contributes to sustainable development. The use of a risk-oriented approach by treasury bodies involves the selection of objects of external control of entities of audit activity based on the analysis of the risks of their activities, the application of international audit standards, which is aimed at reducing the audit time, reducing duplicate control functions, forming a unified management paradigm of public management applied in related control and supervisory bodies in the financial and budgetary sphere of Russia.
THE GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS ON THE PATH OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
The relevance of the study is determined by the recently increased role of digital services and technologies in shaping the architecture of high-tech production and ensuring the priorities of the national economy. The development of digital services and services produces the emergence of ecosystems and the spread of customeroriented business models in the high-tech sector, the importance of which in the country's economy will only increase.
The purpose of the study is determined by the need to study modern trends in the development of digital services and technologies that influence the development of the innovative environment of high-tech industries and ensuring the priorities of the national economy.
Objectives: to explore the role of digital services and technologies in shaping the architecture of high-tech industries and ensuring the priorities of the national economy; to identify the periodization and content of the digital transformation of the national economy; to analyze the basic indicators characterizing the dynamics of the spread of digitalization processes; to explore the content and key characteristics accompanying the spread of digital platforms and ecosystems.
Methodology: the research methodology is based on historical, logical and economic-statistical analysis regarding the processes of digital transformation in the national economy.
The results of the study show that digital transformation in the national economy is actively spreading, involving an ever-increasing circle of participants and setting new imperatives in doing business related to the emergence and spread of digital ecosystems. However, the architecture of the largest domestic ecosystems has not been fully formed and they have not achieved their growth potential.
Conclusions obtained as a result of the study indicate that digital services and technologies are a factor contributing to a multiple increase in the capitalization of high-tech companies involved in the development of digital transformation processes. Digital ecosystems have prospects associated with increasing their impact on the national economy and deeper integration into the socio-economic space in connection with the development of new digital technological solutions.
Relevance. Digitalization is one of the main priorities of the economy. Machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies are introduced by advanced companies into production and management processes, and change the nature of their activities and the way they do business. New issues related to the legislative regulation of technologies, the distribution of areas of responsibility between humans and robotic systems arise, and legal relations that are not provided for by the regulatory framework appear. Technological development also leads to a profound transformation of society. New mechanisms of interaction raise a number of ethical issues. In this regard, the topic of research on the introduction of artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly popular in the scientific community.
The purpose of the article is to study the features of the introduction of digital systems, including those which are based on artificial intelligence, as well as to systematize the ethical problems of using such technologies.
Objectives: analyze the regulatory framework for the regulation of artificial intelligence systems, determine the basic principles of its development and implementation, consider the main problems arising in connection with the expansion of the scope of artificial intelligence, as well as options for their solutions.
Methodology. To achieve the goal in the research are used methods of system analysis and synthesis, bibliographic analysis. The works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to AI, the regulatory framework of the federal and regional levels, materials of scientific journals and conferences have become the information base of the study.
Results. A literary review of modern scientific research on ethical issues of implementation is presented in the article, the main normative acts used both in international practice and developed in Russia are considered.
Conclusions. The systematization of the principles and ethical problems of the introduction of artificial intelligence systems based on the analysis are presented. The use of new technology has advantages, but it is necessary to create a legislative and institutional framework that will minimize risks and achieve sustainable development goals.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. One of the strategic goals of the development of the regional economy is to improve the socioeconomic condition of the region, which is based on human resources. The Forecast of the long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 notes that economic growth will be possible due to certain factors, among which the human resource occupies an important place. Since in the modern arena of the world economy there is a struggle for the ability to introduce innovations, the use of intellectual capital, the knowledge economy needs to take the main place in the socio-economic development of society, given that human resources is one of the fundamental factors in achieving leading positions.
The purpose is to conduct a comprehensive study of methods for assessing the human resources potential of the region.
Objectives: to identify the features of approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "human potential", to study models for forecasting human potential
Methodology. The following methods were used in the research process: logical and statistical analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis, as well as an expert approach.
Results. Different approaches to the definition of human resources were considered, existing methods of assessing human resources were analyzed, the authors proposed a methodology for assessing human resources and studied the process of its formation.
Conclusion. The proposed methodology allows us to determine the choice of preventive measures to build human resources and meet the indicators of the Forecast of social and economic development of the region. Also, this technique can be used to generate staffing requirements and admission control figures.
The relevance of this research topic is due to the fact that the state civil service in executive authorities is the most important institution of modern society, ensuring the effective functioning of the state apparatus and the implementation of state policy. Attracting young talented specialists to the civil service is a key factor in increasing its efficiency and prestige. However, at present there are a number of problems arising from the current evolution, including low wages, lack of career prospects, and a negative image of civil servants of executive authorities in society.
The purpose is develop a roadmap to improve the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people.
Objectives: conduct a survey among current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region and students of universities of the Kursk region, process the results obtained, develop a roadmap that includes measures aimed at ensuring a decent level of wages, developing a training program, attracting youth organizations, modern marketing and communications, increasing transparency and openness.
Methodology. The methodological basis of the work was an interdisciplinary approach combining elements of sociology, psychology and marketing. Conducting sociological surveys among young people and current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region. The following research methods were used: questionnaires, interviews, analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization.
Results. During the study, a survey was conducted among current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region and students of universities of the Kursk region, the results were processed, and a roadmap was developed to improve the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people.
Conclusion. Improving the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people is a key factor in attracting young talented specialists to the civil service and increasing its efficiency. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement a set of measures aimed at ensuring a decent level of wages, developing a training program, attracting youth organizations, modern marketing and communications, increasing transparency and openness. Only a systematic approach to solving this problem will increase the prestige of the civil service and attract the best personnel from among young people.
The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that food security is the most important factor in preserving the statehood and sovereignty of the country, one of the main structural units of socio-economic policy, a necessary condition for the implementation of the strategic priorities of the state, which consist in significantly improving the quality of life of the Russian population through guaranteed living standards.
The purpose is to analyze the state policy to stimulate import substitution in the field of strengthening food security based on the assessment of the current state of food security in Russia.
Objectives: to characterize the structure, criteria and levels of food security of the regions and the state as a whole; to assess the current state of food security in Russia; to identify the problems of ensuring food security associated with the risks and barriers to the implementation of Russia's food policy; to consider the directions of import substitution as a mechanism for strengthening the food security of the regions and the state.
Methodology. In the processing of factual material, traditional scientific approaches were used – dialectical and systemic. The methods of comparison, statistical analysis and ranking were used as research tools.
Results. Based on the assessment of the state of food security in Russia in dynamics, it is proved that the government of the Russian Federation has set the regions the task of ensuring the country's food security in advance, before the start of the implementation of the package sanctions policy of the West. This made it possible to implement some areas of import substitution in the agro-industrial complex in the first place.
Conclusions. However, the volume of sanctions restrictions that began against Russia in February 2022 again raised the question of strengthening the country's food security. The government began to introduce various financial, logistical and other mechanisms to strengthen food security, but the greatest emphasis was placed on the continuation and deepening of the import substitution policy.
Relevance. Ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation as a strategic goal of state policy to achieve national priorities creates conditions for high rates of economic growth and improving the quality of life of the population. In this aspect, it is necessary and appropriate to search for optimal and effective tools, ways and methods that contribute to the socio-economic development of regions, one of which is economic specialization, which allows to maximize the efficiency of using the available potential and competitive advantages.
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the effectiveness of industrial-agricultural specialization of the region in order to ensure economic security by conducting a comparative assessment of the dynamics of development of the CFA regions with different types of economic specialization for 2017-2021.
Objectives: to consider theoretical aspects of economic specialization of regions, to analyze the structure of gross regional product of the CFD regions, grouping by type of specialization, to assess the dynamics of growth indices of gross regional product, investment in fixed capital, average per capita cash income of the population for 2017-2021.
Methodology. Within the framework of the conducted research the authors use general scientific methods: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization of scientific practice, deduction, induction, economic and statistical analysis, comparison, summary, grouping.
Results. The conducted research allowed to form and highlight the following scientific results: to substantiate the effectiveness of industrial-agricultural specialization in order to ensure economic security, to formulate the conditions necessary for the transition to industrial-agricultural specialization, to identify the advantages of this type of specialization over others.
Conclusions. Regions with industrial-agricultural specialization are characterized by higher growth rates of gross regional product, investment in fixed capital and average per capita income of the population. Also, the regions with industrial-agricultural specialization retain positive dynamics of development in crisis conditions: it is the regions with this specialization that demonstrated positive dynamics in the growth of gross regional product and investment in fixed capital at the end of 2020.
Relevance. In modern turbulent conditions, the global economic system is undergoing a transformation, which causes the emergence of new development centers at various levels. These trends require a search for relevant approaches to ensuring economic development. Therefore, knowledge of the main trends that determine the prospective development of the world economy in the near future is a priority task in the field of ensuring the vital functions of individual states.
The purpose of the study is to conduct comparative cross-country studies of economic development to determine the main trends in this area that ensure the vital functions of individual states in modern turbulent conditions.
Objectives: to conduct a comparative analysis of the economic development of individual countries of the world based on key development indicators; to identify modern trends that influence the economic development of the world economy.
Methodology. In carrying out the research, modern methodological apparatus was used, starting from general methods based on traditional approaches, special tools such as methods of system and economic analysis, synthesis, grouping and comparison, methods of rank statistics, etc.
Results. The modern trend occurring in the global economy is substantiated - this is a period of geopolitical fragmentation with a shift in emphasis from ensuring common macroeconomic benefits to protecting national interests, which leads to certain shifts in the global economy and the emergence of new centers of economic development.
Conclusions. The article provides a comparative analysis of individual countries of the world and identifies the main trends that determine the prospective development of the world economy. The projected trends in economic development in the world for the coming years are given.
Relevance. Municipalities are the basic link of the economic system of the state, since labor, production, and natural resources are concentrated at the municipal level. The security and sustainability of the municipality determine the economic security of the region. In modern conditions of pressure from external and internal threats to economic security, municipalities are the most vulnerable. This circumstance necessitates the development and implementation of a set of measures aimed at minimizing the negative impact.
The purpose of the study is to assess threats to the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk on the basis of an indicative approach, to develop specific proposals aimed at neutralizing these threats.
Objectives: assessment of indicators of the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk; based on the assessment carried out, identify dangerous and safe zones for the considered indicators; determine directions for strengthening the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk.
Methodology. In the course of the research, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and logic, theoretical, statistical methods and methods of graphical representation of the results were used.
Results. The article systematizes indicators of economic security and evaluates them. The weaknesses of the economic security of the municipal urban formation have been identified. Based on the conducted research, the author suggests ways to strengthen the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk.
Conclusions. The key areas of strengthening the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk are: maintaining a favorable investment climate; improving the demographic situation; improving employment policy. Municipalities are a vulnerable link in the economic security system due to insufficient budgetary independence and independence, which makes it difficult to implement measures aimed at improving the security of socio-economic development. Therefore, the successful implementation of the identified areas of strengthening economic security Zheleznogorsk is possible with the implementation of state and regional support.
The relevance of the study lies in determining the parameters of the implemented economic transformations on the territory of the federal district as a single set of resource and production potentials, the relationship of which is ensured through public-state regulation based on modern information and digital technologies.
The purpose of the study is to establish the parameters of the effectiveness of the implemented modernization of macro-regional systems in accordance with the conditions of balanced development with the help of modern electronic-digital technologies for regulating information flows.
The objectives: to identify various options for scientific and theoretical interpretation of conceptual ideas for the content and implementation of economic modernization of various economic systems; to identify the relationships between territorial-resource and production factors with ensuring the optimal nature of production and technological processes at the macro-region level; to establish special functions of regional public administration bodies capable of ensuring balanced socio-economic regulation in the territory of the macro-region; to highlight the key characteristics of the implemented modernization of the economic system of the Southern macro-region in accordance with the specifics of sustainable development.
Methodology. In the process of the research, systemic and structural-functional approaches, methods of analysis, generalization, comparison of initial research materials, as well as classification of the results of already implemented research studies of the most important aspects of the modernization of macro-regional socio-economic structures were used..
Results. The processes of modernization of the macroregional economic system from the standpoint of the sustainable development system consist in public-management support for the efficient production of various economic goods, conditioned by the optimal-saving use of elements of natural systems within the framework of the implementation of innovative entrepreneurial initiatives while ensuring the optimal standard of living of the population.
Conclusions. The parameters of the efficiency of modernization of the economy of the macroregion from the standpoint of sustainable development characterize the formation of available innovative fixed assets and the release of high-quality products with the optimal use of available resource potential. This is ensured through the creation of a single information and communication field of public-private partnership and the coordinated activities of stateadministrative structures of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation within the framework of a single electronic-digital space of the macroregion.
ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION OF ENTERPRISES, INDUSTRIES, COMPLEXES
Relevance. This scientific article examines the key aspects of financial risk management in the agro-industrial complex. The study is based on an analysis of the price volatility of grain, fertilizers and fuel over the past five years. The results obtained make it possible to identify effective risk management strategies, including the use of financial instruments, and provide practical recommendations for agricultural enterprises. The conclusions of the study can contribute to increasing the stability of the profitability of agribusiness with the variability of prices for raw materials.
The purpose of the scientific article is to conduct a comprehensive study to assess financial risks in the agroindustrial complex. The research is aimed at analyzing the price volatility of key raw materials, developing effective risk management strategies, as well as providing practical recommendations for agricultural enterprises.
Objectives: development of a model for assessing financial risks in agribusiness based on the analysis of price volatility of grain, fertilizers and fuel over the past five years; research on the effectiveness of financial instruments, such as grain options, to mitigate risks when investing in agricultural production; development of practical recommendations for agricultural enterprises, including diversification of the investment portfolio and the use of financial instruments based on calculations and analysis;
Methodology. The methods used in the course of the study include a variety of bibliographic sources, data collection tools, as well as expert approaches.
Results. The results of the study include a comprehensive assessment of financial risks in agribusiness based on the analysis of price volatility of key raw materials. This made it possible to identify effective risk management strategies, such as the use of grain options, to ensure stable profitability while reducing the level of financial risk.
Conclusions. The results obtained in the course of the study provide practical recommendations for agricultural enterprises on effective financial risk management. Developed strategies, such as the use of grain options, can help reduce the impact of price volatility on profitability, ensuring a more stable financial position of the enterprise.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. The unified state monetary policy is an important component of the state's economic policy and is aimed at achieving the long-term goal of economic development through ensuring price and financial stability. At the same time, an important limitation of monetary regulation is the use of money market management tools that affect the entire economy as a whole. As a result, monetary regulation, while effective at the level of the entire monetary system, may be suboptimal in certain regions. This problem can be considered most acutely in large federal states and supranational associations with territorial and economic diversity, for example, in the eurozone, the United States and Russia.
The purpose is to identify channels for transmitting the effect of the use of monetary policy instruments on regional economic development in conditions of spatial heterogeneity. Objectives: to illustrate the statistical heterogeneity of spatial development, to determine the regional component of the main channels of the transmission mechanism of monetary policy; to consider possible distorting effects associated with interregional heterogeneity.
Methodology. In this study, the following methods were used: statistical methods, the method of analyzing the sources of the problem under study, the comparative method.
Results. The article substantiates the importance of considering spatial heterogeneity in the planning and implementation of monetary policy in Russia. Calculations of the regional heterogeneity of the main economic indicators have been carried out. The channels of transmission of interbank market rates to the regional level are considered and various views on the spatial and sectoral heterogeneity of the effects are presented.
Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the economy's response to PREP shocks, general and economic factors that influence the response of regional systems when using PREP tools have been identified. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account regional heterogeneity when conducting PREP, as well as to develop regional financial markets. The results obtained can be used for mathematical modeling purposes in further studies of the heterogeneity of the effect of monetary policy in the regions.
SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. The study of an athlete's personality primarily involves the study of its socio-cultural nature and structure. Despite the length of the scientific discourse regarding the essence and structure of personality, there is no unified approach in the context of the socio-cultural interpretation of this category in sports. However, each of the definitions of personality presented in scientific sources and supported by relevant research is important and should be taken into account when striving for the most complete understanding of personality. In turn, none of the methods can provide a complete description of an athlete. Each of them only reflects a separate aspect of his abilities, personal qualities and traits. Therefore, it is important to use all methods in combination to help coaches, practitioners and teachers in organizing educational work, training processes and an individual approach to teaching.
The purpose is to characterize the general methodology and methods of studying the personality of an athlete in the context of socio–cultural knowledge.
Objectives: to define the conceptual basis of the sociological study of the athlete's personality; to present methods for its study; to establish the directions of their application.
Methodology: the methodological design of the study is based on the use of philosophical, sociocultural and pedagogical concepts and approaches.
Results. The social activity of an athlete's personality is largely determined by how effectively sociocultural approaches are involved in its socialization. The desired result is possible with the use of the entire arsenal of tools, methods and special exercises.
Conclusions. At the present stage of development of the sociology of sport, sociocultural methodology becomes decisive in studying various aspects of the formation and development of the athlete's personality. The scientific determinacy of using special methods of its study is associated with a specific result that must be achieved by an athlete in a particular sport. The complex use of methods of social diagnostics of personality is the main resource in organizing the practical activities of coaches and mentors.
Relevance. Currently, the market for custom-made educational and scientific work is a large segment of the shadow economy characterized by significant volumes. In the structure of this market, we may observe the formation of special types of social and economic agents and their interaction practices. However nowadays both the essential social and economic characteristics of such employment and its cultural value aspects, which form the social subjectivity of the performers of the work, have not fully become the object of scientific reflection.
The purpose is to study the social and economic aspects of employment in the field of contract work.
Objectives: to reveal the theoretical and methodological foundations of actualization of employment for the performance of commissioned educational and scientific works in the general structure of freelancing; to specify the content of the main social and economic characteristics of the performance of commissioned works; to implement a typology of motivation of authors of commissioned works; to determine the current directions of further scientific research on the stated problem.
Methodology. The article uses sociological concepts of post-industrial society and sociological theories of postmodernity. Special attention is paid to the provision of a number of basic general scientific methods, as well as modeling and generalization methods. The empirical basis of the study was the results of the author's sociological study conducted by the method of an expert online survey (N=50).
Results. The employment volume in the sphere of contract work in the general structure of freelancing was considered in the article. The content of socio-economic characteristics of employment in the performance of commissioned works (at the personal and subjective levels) is revealed as well as the typology of value and motivational orientations of the authors of commissioned works was carried out.
Conclusions. Pre-paid educational and scientific works tends to professionalize, though this sphere is hindered by the low average income from this customers. It is financial motivation that is predominant in the structure of work factors for the authors of commissioned works.
Relevance. Transformation processes in the modern economic environment are characterized as highly dynamic with accelerating rates at both the micro and macro levels of economic systems. The speed of transformations is constantly growing, making competition increasingly tough and forcing business entities to adapt to new business conditions. In these conditions, the formation of a knowledge management system as continuous management of an organization can become a useful tool and a key to acquiring competitive advantages for an organization.
The purpose of the work is to determine the role of knowledge management as an important resource and a key factor in the economic success of an organization, allowing it to adapt to new business conditions.
Objectives: to reveal the essence of knowledge management in organizations; to highlight the main problems associated with the need to identify and manage the organization's knowledge.
Methodology. The following methods were used to solve the research objectives: process-functional, methods of analysis and synthesis, the concept of management effectiveness - to improve the methodological approach to assessing knowledge management in an organization, identifying areas for increasing the effectiveness of using knowledge in business processes; theoretical generalization - to identify the types of enterprise knowledge.
Results. Knowledge management in an organization is a way to make a profit and ensure competitiveness in the long term. The introduction of the knowledge management concept into the enterprise management process has a multifaceted applied significance, which lays the objective prerequisites for acquiring sustainable competitive advantages in market conditions. management.
Conclusions. The role of knowledge management is substantiated based on the thesis "knowledge is the main resource of economic development in modern conditions", which made it possible to establish the need for the formation and effective implementation of intellectual capital (education, science, professional training, development of creativity, innovation). It is proven that the results of using the organization's knowledge are innovative products and technologies, strategic competence and competitive advantages in the market, new organizational models of cooperation, accumulation and transfer of experience.
PHILOSOPHICAL STUDY OF NATURE, SOCIETY AND HUMAN
Relevance. The understanding of modern science as a branch of knowledge totally integrated with technology still causes heated discussions and, as a consequence, is ambiguously perceived in the scientific community, demonstrating both the position of supporters of the appropriate use of the concept of ‘technoscience’ and the arguments of those who consider the term far-fetched and artificial. The complexity and multidimensionality of this concept makes it difficult to incorporate it into both theoretical science and the language of practitioners.
The purpose of the work is to clarify whether this phenomenon has philosophical and practical value in the context of the modern stage of science development.
Objectives: to review the historical development of the term and to identify its three profiles in the scientific context; to analyse the epistemological, ontological, political and ethical aspects of technoscience; to show the mutual process of internal entry of science into technoreality and technology into science, the convergence of their values and approaches, which eventually leads to the idea of fusion in the term ‘technoscience’.
Methodology. Philosophical analysis allows to characterise and structure science at the present stage, historical approach ‒ to identify the preconditions and trace the formation of the term ‘technoscience’.
Results. The concept of technoscience can be a bridge between different studies of science, technology and society, as well as contribute to the development of critical views on fashionable terms and processes. A philosophical analysis of technoscience represents an important tool to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open new philosophical perspectives and stimulate a deeper discussion of the problems arising at the interface between science and technology.
Conclusions. Despite its controversial and ambiguous nature, technoscience is an important philosophical tool that can help to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open up new philosophical perspectives and stimulate deeper discussion of the problems arising at the intersection of science and technology.
The relevance. The rate of spread of artificial systems with intelligence is increasing every year. This is evidenced by a large number of scientific publications, patents, research in this area and support for government programs. However, the ambiguity of its use in science and in practice leaves AI the subject of heated discussions both in the humanitarian community and among scientists who use artificial intelligence technologies in their professional activities.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of artificial systems with intelligence in scientific and professional, and specifically, medical practice.
Objectives: to study digital technologies with elements of artificial intelligence used in science and high-tech practices, their potential and risks; to identify a number of social roles that can be assigned to programs with elements of intelligence as assistants to scientists; to show the possibilities and risks of introducing AI into medical practice.
Methodology. As the main approach to solving the tasks set, the article uses an interdisciplinary synthesis of philosophical reflections, statistics and the results of the practical application of AI in healthcare, which allows highlighting the anthropological and social problems of the rapid introduction of new technologies into the social sphere.
Results. This article examines healthcare as an environment for the rapid introduction of AI into all system processes, from diagnosis to management of medical complexes. The possible roles of AIS as an assistant manager, analyst, consultant and qualified colleague in modern technology-oriented healthcare are shown.
Conclusions. When using AI in scientific work and professional practices, it is possible to identify pragmatic, psychological and ethical aspects. Problems were found not only in the disclosure of confidential information about patients, but also in more serious shortcomings related to the effectiveness of the organization of healthcare as a social practice and the loss of important professional competencies of practitioners.
Relevance. Social quality management is an urgent area of research due to its novelty, unexplored nature and focus directly on the individual and society. There are no more significant things for a person than the material and spiritual world associated with him. In this regard, research aimed at understanding this world is relevant to today. What is this world? At what point does a significant event occur for the subject? What marks the changes in a person's life and personality? We have tried to answer these and other questions in this work.
The purpose is to establish the relationship between the emergence of a new quality of life and the process of its management.
Objectives: To achieve this goal, it is relevant to solve the following tasks: philosophical and methodological assessment of the grounds and consequences of quality change; identification of a key element of the process of social quality management and its philosophical interpretation; analysis of the possibility / necessity of a new quality of life in the process of social quality management.
Methodology. To achieve this goal, the author uses in his work such methods and methodologies as the theory of complexity and the complexity approach, the concept of enactivism by F. Varela, E. Thompson and A. Noe.
Results. Social quality management is a management system through the creation of conditions for the emergence of a new quality of life.
Conclusions. Social quality management is expressed in the emergence of a new quality of life for a person (society) in a favorable environment formed by the quality mindset of a person (society). Quality-umwelt plays a leading role in the management process – the role of a managing link in any process of human activity (society), because all the meanings of life are concentrated in it.
Relevance. The appeal to the topic of socio-ontological research of political myth is caused by the fact that in the conditions of rapidly becoming more complicated socio-political reality and the emergence of qualitatively new entities of social and political existence, conceptually holistic approaches to the study of political myth are practically not covered in Russian and world literature against the background of many political science, linguistic and socio-cultural studies.
The purpose is to reveal the ontological essence of the political myth within the framework of its theoretical and practical application, taking into account the specifics of the social processes taking place in modern world politics.
Оbjectives: to study the history of formation and the main approaches to the definition of the concept of "political myth"; to give a refined definition of the concept of "political myth" within the framework of our research; to conduct a categorical analysis of individual aspects of modern political reality; to formulate recommendations on the socio-ontological interpretation of modern political myth and work with it in world politics, diplomacy and public life.
Methodology. Categorical-logical, system-structural, dialectical method, as well as hermeneutical and semantic analysis were used as a methodological basis.
Results. The principles, strategies and approaches of social ontology in relation to the modern realities of world politics are analyzed.
Conclusions. The results of our analysis have shown that the phenomenon of political myth has its own history of formation and study mainly in its connection with sociological, political science, socio-philosophical, socio-psychological and psycholinguistic studies. In the framework of this study, through the prism of social ontology, we consider both the dynamics and invariants of the processes of mythologization and myth-making, which are in a state of transition from "unipolarity" to "multipolarity". This is how we come to understand the political myth as a system of attributive and modal "coordinates" that define a model of a socio-political phenomenon or process in the context of power relations (co) subordination. The results obtained can be applied in lawmaking, diplomatic activities, "demythologization" and "peremythologization", teaching various courses, for example, on social and political philosophy.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS
Relevance. The article considers the concept and content of the organizational and technological profile of the enterprise, profile components are defined and their essential characteristics are given. The concept of profiling is developed, resource-based approach and guiding principles, methods and methods of describing the processes of management of the innovative development of the enterprise. Profile content disclosed on the basis of general, private and special principles, as well as the features of monitoring the organizational and technological management. The development of the organizational and technological profile will allow the selection and implementation of the current strategy, corresponding to the priorities of innovative activity of the enterprise and its organizational and technological potential.
The purpose is expansion of scientific and methodological base of management of innovative activity of enterprises on the basis of development of theoretical bases of formation of organizational and technological profile of management of innovative development and complex description of its components.
Objectives: to bring the concept and to reveal the content of organizational and technological profile of management of innovative development of the enterprise; highlight the components of the profile and give their detailed characteristics; define the principles, methods and features of creating an organizational and technological profile and increasing the strategic component of the innovative development of the enterprise.
Methodology. The author's concept of formation of organizational and technological profile of management of innovative development of the enterprise is developed, which determines the vectors of its innovative development based on the study of the components of the profile.
Results: terminology of formation of organizational and technological profile of management of innovative development of the enterprise is defined; its seven components are highlighted and their place and role are determined, the principles of building the profile and the features of its monitoring are highlighted for choosing the innovative strategy of the enterprise.
Conclusion. Formation of organizational and technological profile of management of innovative development of the enterprise and determination of content characteristics of its components will allow the enterprise to carry out balanced innovation policy for ensuring organizational and technological stability.
Relevance. Sustainable Development Goals and ESG practices are an integral part of Russian business today. The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals is aimed at meeting the interests of a wide range of stakeholders. To assess the ESG result, the business uses the services of rating agencies that compile ratings and rankings, providing a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the level of sustainable development of the company. However, the results obtained are often assessed by experts as irrelevant and have a number of disadvantages in terms of their comparability.
The purpose is to show the variety of existing approaches and methods that are applicable in current conditions to assess the comparability of ESG practices.
Objectives: to present the existing techniques and techniques for evaluating ESG practices; to analyze the bottlenecks in the existing methodological base for ESG assessment; to assess the prospects for further development of the methodology for evaluating ESG indicators and to make recommendations for the further development of the ESG assessment system in Russia.
Methodology. The methodology presented by the author lies in the field of research of two sciences –sociology and economics. The application of an interdisciplinary approach allows using the expert interview method to identify the bottlenecks which are necessary for analysis and accounting, and the economic and statistical functionality will allow calculations that ensure comparability of the presented indicators.
Results. As a result of the consideration of the main approaches to the assessment of ESG indicators the set of methods and techniques was identified, which forms the basis of the methodological base for evaluating ESG practices. An analysis of existing techniques has revealed a number of bottlenecks that require careful analysis and accounting. Assessing the need for comparability of ESG indicators, expert opinions were divided, which characterizes the ambiguity of the unification process of ESG indicators.
Conclusions. Due to the changing geo-economic and geopolitical conditions, the angle of consideration of ESG practices in Russia has changed dramatically. The degree of government involvement has increased. In the current conditions, the development of methodological recommendations becomes particularly relevant when it comes to determining the proper Russian prerogatives of sustainability.