TRENDS OF THE WORLD AND NATIONAL ECONOMY
The relevance of the study is the need to study current trends in the global online employment market in developed and developing countries in order to level out possible imbalances in the labor market in the context of digital development.
The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis and identify the features of the participation of the population of the BRICS and OECD countries in the functioning of the global online labor market at the present stage, as well as to determine measures to ensure the balanced development of the traditional labor market in the implementation of new forms of online employment.
The objectives of the study are to identify the level of formation of the basic conditions for the access of the population of some BRICS and OECD countries to the global online labor market; to determine trends in the participation of the population of the BRICS and OECD countries in the global online labor market; to form recommendations to ensure the balanced development of the traditional market in the conditions of the activation of the online labor market.
Methodology. The study was conducted using the method of content analysis of information from open sources, methods of comparative and economic analysis. The results of data analysis are presented using systematization methods, tabular and graphical methods. The formation of recommendations is provided by the use of the logical method, as well as analysis and synthesis.
Results. The gap in the level of formation of basic conditions for access to digital infrastructure between the BRICS and OECD countries has been revealed, which determines their differences in the use of the potential of the global online labor market. It has been established that the global online labor market is generally more preferable for employers from developed OECD countries and specialists from developing BRICS countries. The directions of expanding the possibilities of using the potential of the global online labor market for the BRICS and OECD countries are substantiated.
Conclusion. The analysis confirmed the authors' assumption that there are significant differences between developed and developing countries in using the potential of public participation in the global online labor market.
Relevance. One of the most vulnerable aspects of the development of the Russian economy is its technological and innovative component. This aspect of the Russian economy was tried to reanimate and increase its effectiveness after the 2008 crisis, in order to move from a raw material model of economic growth to a model of advanced technological development. In 2022, Russia has no choice but to carry out a structural transformation of the economy, for the success of which it is vital to intensify and increase the efficiency of innovation. In this regard, the role of state financial regulation of innovation activities for the transition period is increasing.
The purpose of this study is to substantiate approaches to state financial regulation of innovative development of the economy in the context of international sanctions and to clarify specific conditions for intensifying innovations in the non-state sector of the economy.
Objectives: review of the scientific literature on the impact of sanctions on the dynamics of innovative activity; analysis of innovative activity in Russia over the past 10 years; justification of the methods and instruments of state financial regulation of innovations in the current conditions for Russia.
Methodology. The article uses methods of analysis and synthesis of information, an overview analysis of scientific literature, horizontal and graphic analysis of Rosstat data on the innovative development of Russia.
Results. The results of the work was the systematization of methods and instruments of state financial regulation in the context of international sanctions, as well as the justification of specific conditions for the successful innovative development of Russia in the current geopolitical situation.
Conclusion. The Government should use a standard set of financial incentives for innovation activity, but to develop the non-governmental sector and improve the effectiveness of innovation activities, it is also necessary to create additional conditions for creating a favorable institutional environment in which appropriate private initiatives will be possible.
Relevance. In modern conditions, in the interaction of Russia with foreign partners, there are trends towards changing traditional global value chains and changing logistics directions. In this connection, Russia needs to address the issue of expanding trade cooperation with new partners and the formation of more sustainable value chains.
The purpose is identifying and evaluating the main foreign trade indicators that affect the cooperation of Russia and its regions with the countries of the African Continental Free Trade Area.
Objectives: to analyze the volume and structure of Russia's foreign trade turnover with the countries of the African Continental Free Trade Area; determine the conditions that can contribute to the expansion of Russia's partnership with the countries of the African Continental Free Trade Area; to propose directions for the development of foreign trade relations between the regions of Russia and the countries of the African Continental Free Trade Zone (on the example of the Kursk region).
Methodology. The study is based on the statistical collection and analysis of information on the volume, structure and dynamics of foreign trade with the countries of the African Continental Free Trade Area.
Results. The analysis of the main indicators characterizing the mutual foreign trade of Russia and its regions with the countries of the African Continental Free Trade Area has been carried out. The main trading partners among African countries and the conditions for expanding partnerships with them have been identified.
Conclusions. It is concluded that the countries of the African continental free trade zone are the main market for certain types of domestic agricultural products of the extractive and manufacturing industries, and Russian enterprises receive the raw materials they need from African countries. At the same time, the expansion of Russia's trade relations with African countries will be facilitated by the conclusion of agreements on the creation of free trade zones, primarily with Egypt, as the main trading partner.
MODERNISATION AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY
Relevance. Recently, the activation of investment activity has become the main method of ensuring the economic security of the region. The current economic situation has opened up new development opportunities for the regions, which without a qualitative change in the regional investment climate, activation and stimulation of investment processes for the development of the economic sectors of the region will not be realized and will not provide the necessary level of economic security. A special role in the system of coordinated and targeted measures to attract investment is assigned to the development and implementation of non-financial instruments, which is confirmed by the laws on investment activity and on public-private partnership adopted in the Kursk region.
The purpose of the study is evaluate the instruments for stimulating investment activity enshrined in the legislation of the Kursk region.
Objectives: on the example of the Kursk region, to consider and systematize the instruments enshrined in the legislation to stimulate investment activity and attract investment; conduct a study of the dynamics of investments in fixed assets for 2016-2020; determine the need to use new tools to attract investment in the region's economy.
Methodology. Methods of system analysis, theoretical and methodological research of literary sources, monographic and comparative methods were used.
Results. The most promising instruments for stimulating investment activity have been identified for use in the region in order to increase investment attractiveness in the context of ensuring the economic security of the region.
Conclusions. To stimulate investment activity in the region, it is necessary to search for new tools to attract investment, among which are public-private partnerships, the implementation of elements of the Regional Investment Standard, agreements on the protection and promotion of investments. The use of these tools to stimulate investment activity will increase the investment attractiveness and, as a result, the level of economic security of the region.
THE GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS ON THE PATH OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Relevance. The current conditions for the development of the customer service system in companies of various business profiles are characterized by the influence of many factors: from uncertainty and increased risks against the background of the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic and sanctions pressure to the digital transformation of business processes. At the same time, generations of potential consumers are changing, which contributes to the transformation of approaches to customer service and their requirements for the quality of products, services and services.
In this regard, the relevance of finding new customer service channels, expanding the sphere of promotion of products and services to potential consumers, as well as mastering new methods and technologies of client services is growing. The implementation of these areas is possible on the basis of the development and implementation of an omnichannel service system for a potential and formed client base.
The purpose of the study is to identify modern trends and potential for the development of an omnichannel approach to customer service in the context of the digital transformation of the Russian economy.
Objectives: highlight the factors of changing the paradigm of customer service; determine the directions of transformation of customer service services; identify the prerequisites for using the omnichannel approach to the implementation of client services and the potential for its development in the modern conditions of the digital economy.
Methodology. In the course of the study, general scientific methods were used: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization and extrapolation.
Results. The study made it possible to form and highlight the following scientific results: the essence and content of the omnichannel approach to customer service was determined; the classification of channels and customer service services in the aggregate of the omnichannel approach was given, promising directions of omnichannel service systems in the digital economy were identified.
Conclusions. The digital transformation of business processes affects the customer service system, primarily in terms of the choice of specific channels and services, as well as an integrated approach to their implementation. Customer focus as a basic trend in the development of modern business contributes to improving the efficiency of the customer service system based on omnichannel services.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. The formation of a rational spatial organization of the economy of the country and its regions is the most important function of any state, associated with its self-preservation and sustainable socio-economic development. As tools to stimulate territorial development, the state uses tax and customs benefits and preferences, creates more comfortable conditions for the development and operation of business in certain areas of the country.
The introduction of various tax incentives is an effective tool for ensuring the development of the economy and society, however, like most economic categories, tax preferences have a dual nature: if the existence of a tax expense is inefficient, then this reduces the overall well-being due to the appearance of falling budget revenues.
Purpose. The main purpose of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of preferential taxation as a tool for socio-economic stimulation of the country's territories.
It is concluded that the established tax and customs benefits in the special territories of the Russian Federation contribute to the growth in the production of goods and services, the growth of investments, the increase in the number of jobs, but at the same time create tax risks.
Objectives. The following tasks are solved in the article: measures of tax and customs support for territories with a special status in the Russian Federation are reflected; the performance of the SEZ for 2017-2021 was assessed; tax expenses incurred.
Methodology. The methodological base of the study is based on a set of methods of economic research, united by a systematic approach to the study of this problem.
Results. The article presents the results of assessing the impact of tax benefits and preferences on the socioeconomic development of special territories of Russia, and identifies the most significant risks for the state from the consequences of preferential taxation.
Conclusions. Tax incentives must be considered as the tax costs incurred by the state and possible tax risks. In order to reduce tax risks, in our opinion, it is necessary to establish tighter control by the state over the amounts released as a result of the provision of tax benefits and preferences.
Relevance. An analysis of the regional market for the sale of dairy products in large retail chains will make it possible to identify the main players in the market, their shares and strategies, as well as to identify the characteristics of consumer demand and supply in this category of products.
The purpose is to conduct a comprehensive study of the regional market for dairy products in large retail chains in order to determine the determinants of development and the main players in the market, their shares and strategies, as well as the size of the share of each manufacturer in this market.
Objectives: collect and analyze data on sales of dairy products in large retail chains in the region; identify the main players in the market, their shares and strategies; based on the results obtained, to draw conclusions and determine the determinants of development to improve the position of manufacturers and retailers in the dairy market in the city of Kursk.
Methodology. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of logical and statistical analysis, as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis, were used.
Results. The share of producers of the Kursk region of the total number of dairy producers represented in the retail chains of the city of Kursk is 17,13%, of which 7,69% is occupied by the production of the city of Kursk. The volume of dairy products sold in large retail chains in the city of Kursk for 2022 for five positions decreased by an average of 20,5%.
Conclusions. There is a small amount of imports of goods from local producers to large retail chains of the city, which may indicate a lack of support and priority for the city to work with local producers in these networks. It may also indicate possible limitations in the production capacity of local producers, their lack of competitiveness in comparison with other producers from other regions.
Relevance. Integration processes form the modern image of the innovative model of the economy through the successful functioning and competent interrelation of the structural elements of the innovation system at the national and regional levels. The control levers of such systems should be effective, and therefore sufficiently diverse and flexible, so as not to limit the system, but to ensure the processes of its functioning and development in the conditions of the singularity of the external environment. A new approach to the study of the problems of innovative development of the region can be offered by the theory of systems with an emphasis on a new understanding of complex self-organizing structures, as well as the concept of open innovation, which allows participants in the innovation process to establish partnerships based on knowledge exchange.
The purpose of the study is to find a model solution to the problem of managing the development of integration processes in the innovation environment of the region.
The objectives of the study can be formulated as follows: identification of problems of innovative development of the territory; study of theoretical constructions of the development of integration processes in the innovation environment of the region; theoretical justification and development of a model solution for the formation of interaction of stakeholders of the innovation process based on the model of the «Quadruple Innovation Helix».
Methodology. The research methodology consists of general scientific methods of cognition, statistical methods, as well as principles and methods of a systematic approach.
Results. One of the important problems of the innovative development of the territory is the low level of integration processes that ensure the interaction of regional stakeholders. A model solution to the problem of managing the development of integration processes based on the principles of managing a region as a complex dynamic system and an open innovation model is proposed. This model reveals the problem of balancing the innovative development of the region from the perspective of taking into account the interests of participants in the innovation process.
Conclusions. The use of the proposed model allows a comprehensive and systematic approach to the study of the possibilities of effective interaction of participants in the innovation process in the region with the observance of the conditions of balance and synergy as a result for the evaluation of the integration process.
Relevance. Virtual organizations and virtual teams are considered a response to the tightening requirements of modern business – deadlines, quality, efficiency, especially in a global environment. The pandemic has accelerated the tendency to expand the use of these structures in the country's economy as a whole, as well as at the regional level. Cooperation within the framework of the VO contributes to flexibility, efficiency, customer orientation and risk reduction. In order for virtual organizations to fully use their advantages, it is necessary to take into account that due to the specifics of such organizations in the field of PPP in the regional economy, certain additional problems may arise when managing them that are not typical for traditional organizations.
The purpose of the study is to generalize, systematize and verify the problems of managing virtual organizations in the regional economy.
Objectives: to substantiate the relevance of identifying and taking into account the problems of managing virtual organizations in the field of public-private partnership; to systematize the problems of managing virtual organizations noted in scientific publications; to verify the information obtained using interviews with Russian managers directly related to virtual organizations and implementing projects in the field of PPP.
Methodology. During the research, the method of desk research, semi-structured interviews, as well as the method of systematization, descriptive method were used.
Results: the main problems of managing virtual organizations in general and at the regional level in particular are systematized.
Conclusions. Many of the problems noted for virtual organizations and teams have a common nature with "traditional" management problems, but they become more relevant due to the specific features of the organization of work. In general, the problems identified by the respondents correlate with the problems of managing virtual organizations noted in scientific publications. Taking into account the possibilities of such problems in practice and proactive management will enable virtual organizations to fully use the advantages in the field of PPP in the regional economy.
ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION OF ENTERPRISES, INDUSTRIES, COMPLEXES
Relevance. The market for agricultural products and its production itself continues to be one of the most important indicators of the country's food security, the protection of citizens and the export item that always consistently brings income to any state.
The purpose is to consider the dynamics of achieving the main targets for crop production in the Russian Federation and to identify the nature of the problems associated with the under-fulfillment of some indicators.
Objectives: to study the indicators of export/import of agricultural products in accordance with the indicators of domestic consumption and sown areas; correlate the country's agricultural development indicators for 2021 with the indicators of the Food Security Doctrine; identify problems and ways to solve the further development of crop production in the Russian Federation.
Methodology. The study used data from FAOSTAT, a database administered by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and used online databases from domestic databases from Rosstat, Rosreestr, and the Federal Customs Service of Russia.
Results. The commodity structure of exports / imports of the Russian Federation for crop products for 2021, the dynamics of expansion and the structure of sown areas of agricultural crops are analyzed; presented withthe knowledge of achieving the planned values of indicators for 2021. It is proved that Russia has achieved food security values in almost all key areas: grain, vegetable oil, sugar, etc.
Conclusions. Thus, the results obtained showed that there are still a number of unresolved problems, including investment in domestic agricultural science and their effectiveness, a reduction in the personnel potential of the innovative activity of the Russian agro-industrial complex, inefficiency of communications between key stakeholders, resource provision of the agro-industrial complex.
DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES OF MARKETING AND LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES
Relevance. A comprehensively and comprehensively developed strategy is an integral component of the functioning of business processes. In business, there is always something to develop and where to expand. Branding is also one of the important elements of the company, forming the recognition of the company and the product. This study examines a modern approach to creating criteria for the sustainable development of a company in highly competitive conditions, through the effective creation of a brand image. The study of the basics of branding theory should undoubtedly be present in the framework of doing business, due to the fact that this element serves as the basis for many other operations, since it depends on whether the customer will pay attention to the product or service.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the factors of branding influence on business processes.
Objectives: to analyze the research literature on the issue under study; to reveal the essence of the concept of branding; to identify the main trends of modern branding and its formation; to highlight the processes affecting the development of branding in the company's marketing system; to give a comprehensive description of the constituent elements of branding.
Methodology. As a methodological basis for the study of the concept of branding and the works of domestic and foreign scientists were presented here, as well as the view of contemporaries was revealed. In the process of work, methods of economic, empirical and statistical analysis, classification, theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, synthesis method, consistency and others were used.
Results. The factors influencing the purchase decision, the dynamics of which directly or indirectly affects the formation of the branding strategy, are considered. The main elements of branding and their characteristic features are presented, the importance of brand development for small businesses is revealed.
Conclusion. The results of the study showed that branding is a whole range of marketing measures to manage the brand image, namely the path from its creation to the purchase of goods by the client.
INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. In connection with the decline of neoconservative ideology, methodological disputes have escalated regarding both the methods used by economists and the scientific paradigm underlying economic science itself. If in the XIX century economic analysis corresponded to a critical scientific approach, then in the second half of the XX century economists had to revise the requirements for the quality of research from the standpoint of falsificationism. The article deals with the problems of applying the concepts of K. Popper, I. Lakatosh, etc. Kuhn's approach to the theoretical postulates of the modern economic mainstream, Marxism and institutionalism.
The purpose is to consider the problem of critical application of the concepts of K. Popper, I. Lakatosh and T. Kuhn to modern scientific knowledge and the tasks of current economic research.
Objectives. The following tasks are considered: concretization of the principle of verificationism in relation to economic analysis; concretization of the principle of falsificationism in relation to economic research; determination of the directions of progressive research economic programs.
Methodology. The article is prepared within the framework of the positivist paradigm and an adductive approach combining deductive-inductive logic
Results. Economics is a science from the point of view of the paradigm of Imre Lakatos and Thomas Kuhn, but it is not a sphere of pure scientific knowledge from the standpoint of Karl Popper's falsificationism.
Conclusions. The principle of verificationism dominates modern scientific economic research. Most economic paradigms are degrading. In economic research, it is necessary not only to strive to statistically confirm the hypothesis put forward, but also to compare it with competing scientific explanations.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. Development of industrial enterprise changes constantly. It’s apparented in the different information technologies introduction. It’s let to participate in the digital economy project on the national and international market. Different changes in the industrial enterprise activities indicate in changes of financial recourses management in current time period and in perspective.
The purpose is studying financial resources management in the industrial enterprise in digital transformation’s realization in current time period and in perspective.
Objectives. Research objectives include studying kinds of financial recourses and their changes in the industrial enterprise; studying financial recourses management features in the industrial enterprise in digital transformation’s realization; forming digital transformation strategy stages in this enterprise and their impact on financial recourses.
Methodology. It’s researched financial recourses management features in the industrial enterprise and their changes in digital transformation’s realization in current time period and in perspective for achieving the set goal.
Results. It’s studied financial management features in the industrial enterprise. It’s researched features of digital transformation’s realization in the industrial enterprise for participating in digital economy. It’d formed features of financial management in the industrial enterprises in terms of digital transformation’s realization in current time period and in perspective.
Conclusions. Financial management in terms of digital transformation let to accelerate different processes realization, to increase efficiency of this enterprise activities in the national and international market. It let to support desired level of this enterprise competitiveness.
Relevance. In most cases, an on-site tax audit is the final stage of a lengthy tax control procedure, within the framework of which the competent authorities have formed a capacious package of evidence of the presence of facts of tax offenses. In this regard, the tasks of the on-site tax audit are concentrated on collecting and creating a material evidence base for the purpose of practical confirmation of the conclusions made. When organizing on-site tax audits, it is necessary to generate a timely response mode to the presence of signs of a potential tax offense, which are quite clearly regulated in the relevant regulatory legal acts. The identification of such signs based on the results of control and analytical monitoring serves as a motivated basis for activating the mechanism of on-site tax audit.
The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of on‒site tax audits as a form of tax control.
Objectives is justification of the choice of the object of an on-site tax audit as a condition for the cumulative effectiveness of the studied form of tax control.
Methodology. Based on the application of methods of economic analysis, the work carried out a comprehensive comparative diagnosis of the effectiveness of on-site tax audits, including in the wake of comparing key performance indicators at the city, regional and state levels.
Results. The materials of the presented study reveal the essence of on-site tax audits and their distinctive features, focus on the results of the analysis of the dynamics and structure of on-site tax audits in the activities of the Federal Tax Service in the city of Kursk, assess the effectiveness of on-site tax audits in the Federal Tax Service in the city of Kursk, and also consider the results of a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of on-site tax audits at the city, regional and state levels.
Conclusion. The authors conclude that the on-site tax audit is the most important element of tax control, which focuses on the supervision of the quality of performance of tax obligations by institutional units.
HUMAN RESOURCES AND EDUCATION
The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the socio-economic transformations taking place in the world require a rapid adjustment of the conditions for the functioning of a business, for which human resources become a determining factor in competitiveness, which determines survival in a rapidly changing market. The study of trends and modern technologies of human resource management becomes especially relevant in such circumstances, since it allows you to identify areas for improving relations between employees and employers.
The purpose of the study is determined by the need to study modern trends in the development of human resources that affect their management technologies in modern conditions.
The objectives of the study are as follows: to study modern approaches to the content of human resources and determine the conceptual foundations of their management; substantiate the reasons for the transition to the humanistic concept of human management; to systematize the key directions of development of human resources and technologies for their management; identify scenarios for the future development of relationships between employees and employers.
Methodology the research methodology is based on the methods of logical and comparative analysis, data grouping, the method of expert assessments, modeling and forecasting.
The results of the study show that the modern concept of human resource management is being transformed, realizing the transition from the organizational and social to the humanistic concept of human management. The modern business strategy is defined by the functionality of human resource management from the position of recognizing the abilities and talents of a person as a special object of management. The work reveals a set of reasons that led to the transformation of managerial functions: the predominance in the 21st century of the format for describing the decisionmaking environment BANI instead of VUCA; digitalization of most of all processes and phenomena surrounding a person; high mobility of workers and their commitment to the idea of lifelong education. Taking into account these patterns, the study identified basic trends in human resource management, which are grouped into three blocks: socio-economic and organizational, managerial-technological and humanitarian-behavioral. Based on expert assessments, scenarios for the development of human resources have been developed from the point of view of their interaction with employers under the influence of factors of a growing supply of talents and the regulatory role of the state.
Conclusions: the conclusions obtained as a result of the study indicate that the growing complexity of the modern world requires a transition to the maximum variability of human resource management scenarios and the rejection of universal technologies, for which there is no place left in modern conditions of unpredictability.
SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. In accordance with the postmodern approach, the main driving force of social change and development are the most active segments of the population, social actors. The level of activity of the population can be measured by the number of practices of its social participation, which can be divided into the following forms: formal participation in organizations, informal assistance and helping behavior. To stimulate social activity, it is necessary to study the motivation for social participation of the most active segments of the population.
The purpose is reveal the essence of the motivation of social participation of the population.
Objectives: measure and analyze the severity of the main practices of social participation based on the results of an empirical study; determine the determining motives for different forms of social participation.
Methodology. The empirical basis of the study was a survey of residents of the city of Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast, conducted in April 2022.
Results. Practices of social participation are unevenly represented in its various forms. Practices of formal participation are underdeveloped. Involved in these practices, as a rule, they are motivated for themselves, selfdevelopment, gaining new experience, knowledge, personal success, career. The practices of informal participation are more widely developed, which are most concentrated in the improvement of the urban environment, charity, and volunteer activities. The motives for changing the environment, altruistic help to people and motives for personal development are combined. The most developed practices of helping behavior, where the main motive is altruism, the desire to help others.
Conclusions. The motivation for social participation has a complex multicomponent structure. The dominant motive of participation, as a rule, goes in conjunction with two or three motives from different types of motivation. The motivation of different forms of social participation differs significantly.
The relevance of the research topic is caused by the emergence of serious scientific interest in the study of value orientations in the system of traditional premarital behavior, characterized by the presence of destructive phenomena and the formation of a new model of premarital strategy of young people, which have a serious impact on value preferences and attitudes in the system of choosing forms of family and marriage relations.
It was found that the traditional system of premarital behavior has undergone a significant transformation associated with increased interest on the part of young people in cohabitation during the premarital period, reflecting the obvious processes of individualization of values and significant changes in the system of behavioral models in the youth environment.
The purpose of this article is due to the identification of the main social mechanisms that have a significant impact on the formation of premarital cohabitation among young people.
Objectives: to consider the main values in the modern youth environment; to analyze the motives and identify the reasons for the formation of premarital cohabitation in the youth environment in the context of modern transformational processes.
Methodology. In the course of work on the study, methods of systemic, structural and functional analysis were used, methods of comparison, observation, questioning and interviewing were used in the process of studying value orientations in the system of premarital behavior of young people.
Results. The sociological research conducted within the framework of the problem posed allowed analyzing the features of the value preferences of young people in choosing the main marriage strategies in modern conditions; to determine the degree of influence of social factors on the functioning of the system of premarital behavior, which has undergone significant changes in modern conditions.
Conclusions. The transformational processes affecting the institution of the family caused by the difficult socioeconomic conditions of life in Russian society, which had a significant impact on the formation of new value orientations and attitudes among young people, had a significant impact on the state of the system of traditional premarital behavior.
The relevance of the study is due to the need to analyze the plans and expectations of university graduates from employment and their compliance with the current state and opportunities of the labor market for the effective use of the country's labor potential.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the existing work experience and employment expectations of modern university graduates.
Objectives: to identify the factors influencing the choice of work by university graduates; to determine the minimum wage for which university graduates would like to find a job and compare them with the reality of the labor market; to analyze the existing work experience of university graduates.
Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of professional socialization of young people. The methodology of the study is based on the results of an empirical study (a survey of university graduates of 2022). Statistical methods of data processing were used during the analytical procedures.
Results. According to the results of the study, the key factors influencing the choice of work by university graduates have been identified. The typologization of employment strategies according to the attribute attribute "the way of job search" is proposed. There is a common and distinctive in the work experience and employment expectations of graduates studying at different levels of higher education (bachelor's degree, specialty and master's degree).
Conclusions. The absolute majority of graduates of universities of the Republic of Bashkortostan, when looking for a job, plan to independently find their place in the labor market through mailing their resumes and job search ads. When choosing a job for every second graduate of the university, it is important that there is a high income. A significant part of university graduates have work experience and have worked part-time during their studies at the university, as well as actively engaged in job search by the time they graduate from the university.
Relevance. In modern conditions, when significant social and social changes are taking place, the problem of employment of graduates of institutions of secondary vocational and higher education is becoming important and needs fundamental changes in the field of employment. Due to the imbalance in the process of training specialists at all levels of education with the real needs of the labor market, there is periodically an oversaturation or shortage of certain professions. Consequently, there is a disproportion between supply and demand in the field of educational services, on the one hand, and the employment market, on the other.
The purpose is to identify the causes and consequences of the imbalance of the educational sphere and the labor market and employment.
Objectives: to characterize theoretical approaches to the analysis of the socio-economic nature of the labor market; to determine the value attitudes of young people in the professional and labor sphere; to identify the problems of employment of young professionals in the labor market of the Kursk region.
Methodology. The study is based on concepts and theories that reveal the socio-cultural and socio-economic nature of the Russian labor market and employment. Methods of synthesis, comparison and analogy were applied, which made it possible, on the basis of specific empirical material, to determine the main problems of employment of graduates of institutions of secondary vocational and higher education in the Kursk region.
Results. Educational institutions have a low orientation towards the training of qualified specialists. Communication employer (economic entity) - graduate (university) is in a state of imbalance and ultimately does not solve the problem of youth entering the labor market.
Conclusions. The main difficulties in finding a decent job are the rather high requirements of the employer to the applicant and the lack of work experience in the chosen profession. The most significant factors in employment are wages, proximity of work to home and flexible employment schedule. It is not always good (excellent) academic performance at a university (SSU) that becomes the determining factor on the part of the employer for choosing a potential candidate for a particular vacancy.
PHILOSOPHICAL STUDY OF NATURE, SOCIETY AND HUMAN
Relevance. At the present stage of the development of religious studies, the importance of revealing the psychological "slice" of mysticism is increasing from the point of view of comparing two approaches – the reductionist, which reduces mysticism to intense and unusual psychological experiences, and the anti-reductionist, which sees in mysticism something more than just subjective experiences.
The purpose is to supplement the understanding of the limits of psychological reduction of religious‒mystical experience by understanding the limits of anti-reductionism.
Objectives: to determine the specifics of the approach of the Russian psychology of religion to the phenomenon of mysticism in the unity of its religious and non-religious forms; to demonstrate the content of antipsychologism as a worldview and methodological attitude of Russian religious philosophy in its approach to religious mysticism; to comprehend the boundaries of the reductionist attitude against the background of its comparison with antireductionism.
Methodology. The comparative method was used in the process of analyzing ideological attitudes (on the one hand, Western psychology of religion, and on the other – Russian psychology of religion) in the process of studying religious and mystical experience. The principle of consistency made it possible to comprehend reductionism and anti-reductionism as scientific programs that have heuristic potential only in the general space of interdisciplinary dialogue and interaction.
Results. Firstly, the heuristic value of considering religious mysticism through the prism of "genuine – inauthentic" is substantiated and the significance of demarcation of spiritual phenomena forming the three-dimensional space of religious mysticism is revealed. Russian Russian religious philosophy demonstrates the prerequisites of an antipsychological attitude within the framework of the approach of Russian religious philosophy to the phenomenon of mysticism in the unity of its religious and non-religious forms, and also defines the specifics of the Russian psychology of religion. Thirdly, the limits of the anti-reductionist approach to mystical phenomena are demonstrated.
Conclusions. In the context of the increasing influence of the neurobiological approach to the study of mysticism, new perspectives of discussion arise between the research programs of reductionism and anti-reductionism. The "boom" of neurotheology creates prerequisites for raising the question of a new composition of the interdisciplinary space for the study of religious as well as non-religious mysticism.
Relevance. The article examines the indifference to the experience of love. In the postmodern era, staying in the subject is regarded as an inability to independently fill oneself with important resources for life: first of all, it is important to realize oneself, anesthesia is offered by self – sufficiency against love pain, "everything will still have time, love will not run away anywhere." There is a devaluation of love, it acquires a consumer character and is supported by diagnoses as "addiction", which formulates a conclusion about its devaluation. This assumption implies the emergence of "love fatigue" as an expression of a lack or lack of attention to the basic value of a person.
The purpose of the work is to study the causes of "love fatigue" in the context of postmodernity.
Objectives: to determine the causes of "fatigue" in the manifestation of love; to characterize the phenomenon of "love" in postmodern society; to assess the impact of consumer culture on the value and significance of love and partner.
Methodology. The methodological basis of the article is the method of system analysis, which made it possible to discover modern attitudes to human relationships, in particular love, and the theoretical and methodological basis is the research of domestic and foreign philosophers and sociologists studying the problem of feelings in the postmodern era.
Results. In this paper, the concepts of "fatigue" and "love" are considered. Revealed a difference in attitude to the feeling of love in (post)modern society.
Conclusions. Existing norms allow a person to experience life experience, change its form and content, which means that the understanding of feelings and the value of relationships become unattainable for another – the boundaries become invisible. However, if a person develops the will to comprehend the other and accept him as he is, then he will free love from human limits, and therefore will enjoy time next to and development with him.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS
Relevance. The relevance of the study is determined by the rapid development of domestic tourism, which revealed the most important problem of the industry - the shortage of professional personnel. In order not to lose the growing interest of travelers in new areas of domestic tourism, it is necessary to improve the skills of employees of the hospitality industry as soon as possible and more effectively.
The purpose of this study is to find a solution to the problem of staffing, which will ensure the quality of customer service of the hospitality industry in the Kursk region.
Objectives: assessment of the dynamics of employment in the hospitality sector in the country and in the Kursk region; investigation of the causes of professional staff turnover; search for ways out of the crisis situation; development of proposals aimed at solving the problem of staffing in the hospitality industry of the Kursk region.
Methodology. Within the framework of the study, materials of news agencies, standard methods of statistical processing were used; methods of scientific generalization, collection and processing of information, as well as methods of comparative and strategic analysis were applied.
Results. The results of the study showed that the problem of staffing the hospitality industry in the Kursk region remains relevant and requires close attention. To solve it, it is necessary to combine the efforts of organizations of higher, secondary and additional education with the needs of employers in the hospitality industry.
Conclusions. The dynamic and sustainable functioning and development of the hospitality industry requires solving the problem of staffing, including due to the high level of turnover of specialists. Educational organizations of different levels and professional associations do not ignore the emerging challenges and discuss the development of training programs for specialists in this field of activity.
Relevance. Value-Based Management is a modern effective management concept, widespread in the West companies. It’s implementation attempts at Russian industrial enterprises face top maagement the problem of the lack of sufficient research in the field of Value-based management practical application in conditions of Russian economy, which has been characterized by a high level of volatility in recent years. In addition, the specialized literature does not always correctly present the translation and interpretation of economic terms that leads to further errors in their use.
Some economic categories of Value-Based Management are clarified in this study, and also the system of value factors for Russian industrial enterprise is presented. The proposed system fully reflects the current market realities of the Russian economy.
The purpose is development of the Value-Based Management theoretical base and addition of a methodological approach to Value-Based Management implementation in Russian industrial enterprises.
Objectives: clarification of some economic categories of Value-Based Management; compilation of the most complete list of factors affecting the value of an industrial enterprise in the Russian Federation; development of the industrial enterprise mathematical model, that is based on the proposed system of value factors.
Methodology. Method of expert assessments, system analysis, and mathematical modeling were used in the study.
Results. The system of value factors for Russian industrial enterprise has been developed and proposed. It is relevant in conditions of high economic volatility. Modeling of the radio-electronic industry enterprise, which is part of the state corporation, was carried out. Based on the modeling results, the factors that have the greatest impact on the enterprise activities, and the factors that are subject to maximum influence (they are risk factors for this company) for this enterprise, are identified, recommendations are given.
Conclusions. The proposed value factors system can be used in strategic or operational planning of any Russian industrial enterprise. That will make possible to make adjustments to the development strategy, increasing the efficiency of managerial decisions within the framework of Value-Based Management.