TRENDS OF THE WORLD AND NATIONAL ECONOMY
Relevance. The process of globalization, based on digital technology, is the main task and simultaneously the problem of our time. On the one hand, globalization should lead to the formation of a single world economic system based on the integration into a single international network of all national and international markets of capital, labor, goods, and services. The growing scale of production processes implies an increasing role of digital technologies and new technological developments, as well as the development of information and communication systems, which automatically increases the importance of production, scientific, technical, and technological factors.
On the other hand, the emerging trends in the uncertain and unstable conditions of society lead not only to the monopolization of resources and the concentration of economic and political power by transnational corporations, multinational banks and foundations, whose interests often conflict with the interests of society as a whole, but also lead to increased tensions between states.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the process of digitalization as a basis for sustainable socio-economic development of the country in modern conditions and identify trends in socio-economic processes under conditions of globalization.
The objectives are to identify whether the course adopted by Russia towards digitalization of the economy contributes to economic growth, improving national security and ensuring a decent standard of living for the population of the country.
Methodology. The study used methods of comparative analysis, economic-statistical and methods of expert evaluations.
Results. The digital economy, based on advanced technology, is not only an indicator of economic and social development but also generates the basis of economic instability and inequality.
Conclusions. If the goal of digital technology development is to be set, it should be aimed primarily at introducing it into the real sector of the economy. This is a question of the existence of the state itself: it is impossible to manage machinery and industrial technological processes without modern means of control.
Relevance. At the present stage of economic development, a new model of the banking sector is being formed, the creation of which is facilitated by the active transformation of banking services, the development of non-core business by commercial banks, based on the principles of the concept of open banking. At the same time, consideration of the issues of transformation of banking services, the use and implementation of technological innovations should be covered in the context of the global economic space, due to the fact that the development of the banking sector in various countries of the world ensures the development of the entire financial market at the global level. One of the types of technological innovations is digital services, which have become the founders of the creation of innovative banking ecosystems.
The purpose is the development and implementation of technological innovations at the level of the global economic space.
Objectives. The scope of the research objectives included consideration of issues related to the transformation of banking services, the use and implementation of technological innovations in the financial and credit sector in the context of the global economic space.
Methodology. To achieve this goal, the historical aspect of the development of digitalization of the banking sector was studied, the main differences between a traditional bank and a bank that provides an ecosystem of services were identified, as well as options for regulating the operation of ecosystems, which are aimed at curbing the development of commercial banks non-core business.
Results. The article analyzes the latest technological innovations of banks, assesses the level of development of technological innovations in various banks around the world. It has been established that the basis of innovative technological platforms of banks in various countries of the world are artificial intelligence, machine learning, mobile technologies, direct access to data. The importance of strengthening the protection of personal data of customers was emphasized.
Conclusions. It is concluded that banks are currently working to create an ecosystem of services that allow them to increase their customer focus and establish partnerships with businesses. The problem is that regulators have a negative attitude towards the development of non-core business by commercial banks and for this they introduce restrictions and increased standards.
Relevance. Increasing the efficiency of energy use in modern conditions of limited availability of cheap energy resources in most countries of the world is one of the leading factors in the reindustrialization of economic development.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate and substantiate the nature of the impact of the energy-economic factor on the growth and development of industrial production in various countries of the world that are distinguished by the availability of multi-purpose economic resources (labor and energy).
Objeсtives: to study and substantiate the ratio of types and types of industrial production development at the country level; to give a comparative assessment of the impact of the energy-economic factor on the growth and development of industrial production in the leading countries of the modern world in 2011‒2030; to identify retrospective and prospective trends in the growth and development of industrial production of target countries research.
Methodology. The analysis of time series of compared indicators and factor analysis of changes in production efficiency indicators were used.
Results. Empirical results of assessing the impact of the energy-economic factor on the growth and development of industrial production in some countries of the world in the short and medium term are obtained, indicating the desire of the most advanced of them to organize industrial production within the framework of an energy-equipped type and an intensive type of development, which implies the highest energy efficiency indicators.
Conclusions. Economic development of the most developed countries of the world, included in the 2010s. In the initial phase of the "reindustrial turn", in addition to increasing the availability of energy (primarily in terms of cost), which affects the competitiveness of industrial products in the United States, Japan, EU countries and other national economies, it is impossible without improving the "quality" of energy. Energy independence (or successful overcoming of such dependence) of such countries as China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Russia creates conditions for the successful development of production based on a combination of the energy-economic factor with general economic opportunities (security of labor resources and capital).
Relevance. The green agenda and the expansion of the market for green investment projects in the Russian economy undoubtedly have significant environmental benefits, since there are many problems with garbage disposal in our country, environmental protection from the negative impact of mining, integration of the Russian economy into the processes of redistribution of markets, related to global energy transition, etc. The idea of increasing business transparency, contributing to the reduction of the aggregate risk for the investor and facilitating the task of monitoring financial stability for the Bank of Russia also looks like a strong argument in favor of the development of green finance in Russia, even in the difficult geopolitical conditions that have developed in 2022.
The purpose of the work is an analysis of the best world practices for the development of the green bond market and the justification of the most suitable concept for its development, taking into account changes in international cooperation of Russia in 2022.
Objectives: analysis of best practices in the global green bond market; comparative analysis in the international context of the current green bond market in Russia; analysis of best practices in green bond issuance; selection and justification of the development concept for the Russian green bond market
Methodology. The study used methods of analyzing and synthesizing scientific papers, methods of analyzing the structure and dynamics of data from open sources on the volumes, currency, dynamics, results and important experience of issuing green exchange-traded bonds.
Results. The global green bond market continues to grow despite the financial and economic crises of recent years. The Chinese green bond market is growing at a faster pace to the global one and is comparable in capitalization to the American and European markets. The best Chinese practices contain a lot of green bonds useful for the development of the Russian market.
Conclusions. It is proposed to develop the green bond market based on the proactive and leading role of the state in order to redirect export revenues to the implementation of national projects and government programs that can absorb all these volumes and will contribute to the structural transformation of the Russian economy.
MANAGEMENT IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Relevance. In modern conditions, a bet is placed on investments both in the framework of macro- and microeconomics. The level of development of investment activity is of strategic importance both for the state as a whole and for economic entities. Along with the main activity of the company, investment is the most important source of income. In addition, the growth of the company is unthinkable without entering new markets, purchasing innovative equipment and other capital investments. However, investments come with risks. This study involves the search for effective means to reduce the risks of investment activities of companies. One of them may be the internal control system of the organization. Internal control, which is carried out by the owners and staff of the organization, is especially important, since this type of control allows you to respond more quickly to "bottlenecks" and correct them
The purpose of the study is to assess the possibilities of using internal control as a tool to reduce the risks of the company's investment activities.
Objectives: to consider the essence of internal control; to study the stages of investment activity control; to identify control procedures that level the risks of investments in the company.
Methodology. The research is based on the general scientific methodology of the review of literary sources, systematic and logical analysis, methods of data collection, induction, description and processing of research results.
Results. The importance of the implementation of internal control in management processes is indicated. Recommendations on the use of internal control methods at various stages of the implementation of the company's investment program have been developed.
Conclusions. To minimize the risks of investment activity, its internal control components should be introduced into management, which will allow the company to achieve its investment goals, preserve and multiply the assets of the organization, comply with legislation in this area and generally increase its competitive position.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. The question of how the impact on the sustainable development of the enterprise and the region on each other is currently the most acute and relevant. Sustainable regional development in the economic aspect is inextricably linked with the effective functioning of its systems, namely organizations and enterprises. At the same time, business entities actively interact with the external environment, which has a significant impact on their activities. One of the main elements of the external environment that the company faces is the policy of the region. This indicates the need to consider the sustainable development of the enterprise and the region in interrelation and interdependence, which will allow the most complete and reliable determination of indicators for their assessment.
The purpose is to substantiate the relationship between the sustainable development of the region and the economic entities operating on its territory.
Objectives: to reveal the essence of the concept of "sustainable development" for the region and for the enterprise; to identify the relationship between the sustainable development of the region and the enterprise; to consider the essence of the ESG strategy and its indicators.
Methodology. When considering this topic, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, logical, as well as graphical methods of information processing, etc.
Results. The conducted research revealed the relationship between the region and the enterprise in the context of sustainable development. The considered various approaches to the concept of "sustainable development" contributed to determining the close relationship between the sustainable development of the region and its economic structures. Also in the course of the work, ESG business transformation in conjunction with sustainable regional development was demonstrated. From this point of view, a matrix of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the enterprise was proposed.
Conclusions. The sustainable development of the region and the enterprise are inextricably linked. In order for an economic entity to carry out effective activities, it is necessary to consider the closeness of the relationship between the region and its business structures, to evaluate the average industry indicators.
Relevance. In the current difficult macroeconomic conditions, in order to ensure effective economic growth of regions, competent management of investment development of territories using the latest technologies and approaches is necessary. The investment development of the region entails the attraction of funds to various industrial and other enterprises, allows the formation of infrastructure sufficient for the development of human capital, creates a favorable business climate for the development of entrepreneurial activity. The role of the executive power of the subject of the Russian Federation in managing the investment development of the region is twofold: on the one hand, the regional government is the main investor and a major owner of property, on the other hand, it organizes the management of investment development in the region. Effective management of investment development in the region makes it possible to accelerate the processes of reproduction, increases the competitiveness and quality of products, develops the raw material base, has a positive impact on the regional economy as a whole.
The purpose of the study is to systematize methods and tools, as well as to determine the sequence of their use for the selection and implementation of a portfolio of projects for the investment development of the regional economy.
Objectives: to substantiate the relevance of managing the investment development of the region based on the project approach, to generalize the elemental composition of the portfolio of regional projects; to develop a model for managing the investment development of the region based on the formation of a portfolio of regional projects; to formulate the conceptual foundations of the work of project offices in managing the investment development of the region; to assess the effectiveness of the project management system in the regions of the Central Federal District and identify existing problems.
Methodology. In the course of the research, general scientific methods of logical and statistical analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis, systematization method, descriptive method were used.
Results. The model for managing the investment development of the region is proposed based on the algorithm developed by the authors for managing the portfolio of regional projects for the purposes of socio-economic development of the region; a comparative analysis of the structures of project management bodies in the regions of the Central Federal District and an assessment of the effectiveness of the project management system in these regions.
Conclusions. The practical application of the regional investment development management model based on the project approach makes it possible to rank the regions of the Central Federal District by the level of project management effectiveness, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the project management system in the executive bodies of state power in the region.
INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
The relevance of the study is due to the need to find ways to stimulate the activity of small and medium-sized entrepreneurial structures at the point of overlap of two turbulent periods - pandemic and sanctions restrictions.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the limitations in the development of small and medium-sized entrepreneurial structures in Russia in the new economic realities, including pandemic and sanctions imposed by EU countries and the USA, as well as to substantiate measures to stimulate the activity of Russian entrepreneurial structures in the current conditions.
Objectives: to study the conditions and factors of functioning of Russian entrepreneurial structures in the active stage of the pandemic and at the stage of post-sanctions recovery; to identify sectors of entrepreneurial activity most affected by sanctions restrictions; to substantiate a set of measures aimed at stimulating the activity of Russian entrepreneurial structures in the conditions of new economic realities.
Methodology. The authors used methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization, comparative analysis, graphical method, methods of economic analysis to study the dynamics of socio-economic indicators, as well as a systematic approach to present the authors' conclusions.
Results. The authors have analyzed the factors determining the activity of Russian entrepreneurial structures in the active stage of the pandemic and at the stage of post-covarian recovery. The article identifies the areas of activity of small and medium-sized entrepreneurial structures that are most affected by the sanctions restrictions imposed by the EU countries and the United States.
Conclusions. It is concluded that Russian entrepreneurial structures of small and medium-sized businesses are trapped in two turbulent periods - pandemic and sanctions restrictions. It is substantiated that in 2022 the SME sector showed the first signs of recovery after the pandemic, followed by the development of new challenges of uncertainty. A two-level model for stimulating entrepreneurial activity in conditions of sanctions restrictions, which includes a set of state policy measures, as well as tools for adapting companies in the form of ambivalent development strategy, is proposed.
Relevance. Inflation indicators in the national economy are one of the key indicators of the macroeconomic state and have a significant impact on its structural proportions, the amount of income, the structure and volume of consumption, and other parameters of socio-economic development. The crises of non-economic and economic nature that have been taking place in the world over the past few years lead to obvious inflationary consequences. In the national economy, these processes are aggravated under the influence of sanctions pressure and a significant burden on the budget due to the conduct of a special military operation.
The purpose is to study the features of inflation as a form of manifestation of macroeconomic instability in the conditions of the modern Russian economy.
Objectives: the theoretical foundations of inflation management as a manifestation of macroeconomic instability are considered; factors affecting inflation in the Russian economy are determined; mathematical models of the dependence of the price index for goods and services on individual factors are formed; on official statistical data using the tools of correlation and regression analysis.
Methodology. The main methods are statistical analysis of data series, methods of mathematical modeling in economics, including the method of correlation and regression analysis for constructing linear regression models with one and several variables.
Results. The causes of inflation and its management methods in Russia correspond to both Keynesian and monetary theories of economic thought. The proposed model of multiple linear regression reflects the dependence of the index of prices for goods and services on the key rate and the exchange rate of the US dollar to the Russian ruble, explains more than 80% of the variability of this index and can be used to predict the level of inflation and assess the effectiveness of measures of state regulation of inflationary processes based on currency restrictions and key rate management.
Conclusions. The theoretical views of both Keynesians and monetarists find their empirical confirmation in the Russian economy. The use of correlation and regression analysis mechanisms makes it possible to develop macroeconomic models of multiple regression, on the basis of which it is possible to effectively manage inflationary processes.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. In recent years, Russian business has experienced a number of significant external shocks, and managers have been forced to make decisions in atypical conditions for the development of the national economy. One of the approaches that are in demand during crisis periods is the formation of business models of a company that functions stably and in isolation in static environmental conditions. Despite the pre-determined limitations, the proposed balance sheet model makes it possible not only to determine the minimum acceptable level of trade margins on the goods sold, but also to plan the main indicators of financial results as key performance indicators.
The purpose of the study is set by its subject and consists in the use of financial analysis mechanisms as tools to improve the efficiency of the enterprise.
Objectives. To achieve this goal, a methodology for the formation of a managerial financial model of trading activity is proposed and justified, the parameters that ensure the balance of the model are specified, the model is tested on specific empirical data to develop a forecast of financial performance indicators.
Methodology. The materials for the study were the results of the work of modern scientists in the field of using financial analysis to manage the effectiveness of the organization and accounting and analytical data of a small-scale business entity – trading firm "N". The modeling method, the balance method and the forecasting method were used as research methods.
The results of the study substantiate the expediency of the proposed model of the balance of an independent financial system in financial management and its use as a tool for improving the efficiency of a modern trading enterprise, determining the optimal level of trade margins on goods sold, forming financial plans and forecasts, and managing pricing policy.
Conclusions. The use of financial analysis mechanisms makes it possible to develop financial models of the company's activities as an independent financial system, on the basis of which it is possible to plan financial results and make informed management decisions aimed at improving the efficiency of the company.
The relevance of the research topic is determined by the changing environmental conditions of economic management, the development of digital services and technologies that produce new formats of criminal atrocities of an economic orientation. Criminogenic manifestations in the sphere of financial and economic relations cause sensitive material damage to the state budget by reducing tax and customs revenues, embezzlement, embezzlement, fraud, corruption, and also have a destructive effect on the social environment of society, violating moral and value foundations.
The purpose of the study is to study the dynamics of criminogenic manifestations in the economic environment and identify the causes contributing to the growth of criminalization.
The objectives of the study are presented: the development of an algorithm for the analysis of criminogenic manifestations in the economic environment, the study of the dynamics of economic crimes and the identification of trends.
The methodology includes a study of the structure and dynamics of crime in Russia and the regions, an analysis of the dynamics of economic crimes and the results of their investigation, an analysis of the dynamics of identified persons who committed economic crimes, as well as information on compensation for material damage.
The results of the study show that the number of crimes in the economic sphere in recent years has shown a significant increase, which can be associated with the spread of digital technologies and remote methods of committing economic atrocities, as well as with the increase in the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies in detecting such crimes.
The conclusions of the study indicate that the consequences of criminalization in the sphere of financial and economic relations are manifested in a whole complex of economic, legal, and social aspects, which requires a comprehensive study and involvement of the state and society in these processes.
SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Relevance. Digitalization processes have fully embraced the Institute of Education. Currently, digitalization is considered as a trend of the Institute of Education. The introduction of digital technologies into the educational space of the university has a significant impact on the interaction of its subjects – teaching staff, students, university administration.
The purpose is study the impact of digitalization on the subjects of the educational space of a modern university. The leading actors of the educational space were identified as subjects – pedagogical and administrative workers, students.
The objectives of the study were to diagnose the attitude of the subjects of the educational space of a modern university to the processes of digitalization, to study their opinions on the impact of digital technologies on the educational process, to identify the problems faced by actors in the course of their professional and educational activities, as well as to substantiate the need to improve the regulation of the processes of digital development of universities.
Methodology. The theoretical basis of the research was the work of M. Castells, E. Toffler, M. Aletta, A. Lipitz, D. Harvey, E. Giddens, Y. Habermas, V. F. Nitsevich, N. V. Noskova, M. S. Yakushkina. The empirical basis was the results of a study of the difficulties of the educational process (by E. V. Konishchev) conducted in 2020 in higher educational institutions of Kursk, Belgorod, Moscow, during the 1st and 2nd waves of the coronavirus pandemic, (N = 1229).
Results. The study found that the attitude of the subjects of the educational space to the introduction of digital technologies in the educational process is contradictory: respondents believed that digital technologies are a source of difficulties, while others are a resource for innovative development.
Conclusions. The process of development of digital technologies in the education system requires comprehensive regulation, taking into account the interests of all actors of the educational space and the requirements for the organization of the educational process.
Relevance. At present urban development projects of various levels are being formed, including with the participation of local communities. Local communities and authorities that interact to improve the urban space form new fields and forms of communication to solve the social problems of the territory. The inclusion of communities in communication and interaction with the authorities is carried out in several ways, which depend on the age and professional characteristics of the participants, the experience of participating in urban life.
The purpose of this article is to characterize the forms of socio-political interaction of local communities with the authorities on the improvement of the urban environment.
Objectives: to describe local communities as participants in socio-political interaction with the authorities; to substantiate the prevailing forms of interaction between the communities of Kemerovo and local authorities on issues of urban development and improvement of the urban environment.
Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the work of Zh. T. Toshchenko, L. L. Shpak and others, revealing the issues of socio-political interaction, the concept of urban development by A. Lefebvre, D. Harvey, G. Sanoff. To analyze the interaction practices, the authors of the article used the methods of focus group interviews and questionnaires.
Results. The analysis made it possible to describe the forms of interaction built in accordance with the characteristics of social groups, interests, goals and tools used, methods for achieving them, disposition to interact with other communities of the territory.
Conclusions. The selected forms of interaction (resistance, impact and inaction) take into account the peculiarities of group participation in projects for the development of the territory, contribute to the accumulation of experience and in the future can be used in the practice of improving territories and attracting the city's population to them.
Relevance. The "triple helix" model (state ‒ science ‒ business) is successfully implemented in the modern space of digital (innovative) existence of an increasingly globalizing world. Each element of the "triple helix" is aimed at a single global mission ‒ generating innovations to improve the quality of human life and society. To successfully achieve this mission, regulatory documents of various levels and specialized target programs are being formed at the state and local levels.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the meaning, functions and role of the triple helix model in global goals and missions of States, as well as to review and evaluate its regulatory and software.
Objectives. To assess the role and interaction of the elements of the "triple helix" model in order to improve the quality of life of society; to consider and analyze the regulatory framework at the state, regional and local levels, as well as ways to support the interaction of "state ‒ science ‒ business" by the authorities; to analyze programs and initiatives to support and strengthen the "triple helix" model".
Methodology. The research is based on modern approaches to the study of the relationship "state ‒ science ‒ business", in particular, the scientific and practical approach of G. Itskevich.
Results: at interaction "state ‒ science ‒ business" there is the necessary exclusive mechanism on development and realization of an innovative product for improvement of quality of life of society; standard legal support isn't limited to the highest state decision, and finds the reflection and on places; at present in the Russian Federation are created and complexes of programs and initiatives of support and interaction strengthening "the state ‒ science ‒ business" are realized; interaction of elements of model of "a threefold spiral" is an indispensable condition of transition to future university – university 4.0.
Conclusions. The "triple helix" model finds its application in global goals and missions of States, providing and supporting the function of priority areas of state development. In this regard, at the macroeconomic level, the main tasks of the interaction "state ‒ science ‒ business" are normatively fixed and programmatically implemented.
Relevance. Management by values at the beginning of the XXIst century was recognized as one of the promising forms of management of organizations that replaced management by rules and management by goals. The article examines the place of corporate values among other types of values in connection with the change in the management paradigm. The article discusses the issue of corporate values in comparison with others.
The purpose of the study is to determine the role of corporate values in the system of values of the personnel of modern Russian organizations, to clarify the features of their influence on the organizational behavior of the employees and their attitude to the performance of their professional tasks.
Objectives: identify the main typologies of values accepted today; to analyze the main types of values; to determine the set of corporate values in modern Russian organizations.
Methodology. The research methods were comparative and comparative methods, as well as the method of analyzing the data obtained.
Results. In the course of the research, the author of the article identified the main typologies of values recognized by leading experts in the field of axiology, sociology, philosophy, studied the main types of values, determined the place of corporate values in the system of value orientations of personnel of modern Russian organizations.
Conclusions. Corporate values occupy a significant place in the system of values of the personnel of modern Russian organizations. They, being the core of the corporate culture, determine the strategic and tactical objectives of the organization. The most relevant corporate values shared by employees are cooperation, responsibility, professionalism, customer orientation, teamwork, improvement, efficiency and leadership. The author proposes a typology of values based on the antinomic principle. Thus, values management as a concept of personnel management can find wide application in Russian organizations.
Relevance. The military organization of Russia is making the transition from static to intensive development. In the new conditions, there is an increasing need to identify its adaptive form within the framework of the system of professional potential of officers. It is important to develop a methodology for assessing and targeting the development of this form of potential of Russian officers.
The purpose is to substantiate the ability to adapt professionally as a component of the professional potential of Russian officers.
Objectives: to develop an integrated design of the professional potential of modern officers; to present an analysis of some empirical data on the survey of officers, to identify the peculiarity of the formation of adaptive professional potential of officers of the National Guard of Russia; to reveal the components of the mechanism of targeted development of adaptive professional potential of officers in modern conditions.
Methodology. In the course of the research, general theoretical methods of analysis, socio-cultural, structural approaches were applied. A secondary analysis of the data of a sociological survey aimed at diagnosing the adaptive professional potential of officers was also carried out.
Results. The essence of adaptive professional potential of officers is clarified: a set of potential abilities for professional self—development, self-improvement, modernization of professional knowledge - the ability to professional adaptation.
Conclusions. The professional potential of an officer is a combination of his professional capabilities, as well as abilities not only for the implementation, but also for self-improvement of military professional activity, its constant innovative adaptation in conditions of increasing uncertainty of the external social environment. Professional potential characterizes an officer through the prism of his value for innovative adaptive professional action aimed at achieving the goals and solving the tasks of a military organization. In modern conditions, the importance of the adaptive potential of officers is increasing, which makes it necessary to activate the mechanism of its targeted development. The most important components of this mechanism are: an educational system that determines the targeted development of abilities for professional adaptation; additional social support and the growth of material support for the officer's family as an additional source of self-development of adaptive professional potential; targeted stimulation of adaptive professional practices of officers.
Relevance. The article is devoted to an urgent problem of modern Russian society – youth extremism, since young people are easily influenced by their environment due to various age-related socio-psychological characteristics. Currently, we can consider the development of social competence among the necessary measures to prevent youth extremism, which is based on effective interaction with other people and implies a person’s ability to make a choice in favor of safe behavior.
The purpose is to analyze the influence of structural components of social competence on the young people’s willingness to resist extremism.
Objectives: to determine the attitude of young people to extremism; to identify and analyze which structural components of social competence "work" for confrontation.
Methodology. The research methods included sociological survey and factor analysis.
Results. A study conducted among students of secondary vocational education institutions in Birobidzhan revealed that 62% of students were ready to resist extremism as young people perceived extremism negatively and understood its consequences for the society. Students possessed tolerance traits. Factor analysis showed that when ready to resist extremism, all structural components of social competence were included in the work. At the same time, the respondents' behavior was characterized by categorical decision-making and did not always demonstrate adequate forms of behavior, which explained the need for the development of cognitive, behavioral and reflexive components.
Conclusions. It is concluded that social competence is able to influence young people’s willingness to resist extremism. All structural components of social competence (socio-psychological, cognitive, value, reflexive, behavioral) are included in the work.
PHILOSOPHICAL STUDY OF NATURE, SOCIETY AND HUMAN
The relevance is due to the need to develop a modern approach to the formation of intercultural competencies of managers in the context of deepening the multicultural diversity of the international business environment. Historical changes in the political, strategic, economic and trade relations of Russia with Western countries need theoretical and practical understanding from the point of view of the need to train future specialists to work with foreign partners.
The purpose is to analyze and critically rethink foreign models of intercultural competence.
Objectives: to study three key competency models (the Dirdorff pyramid model, the ICOPROMO model and the Phipps model), as well as to substantiate the special role of trust in the model of communicative competence.
Methodology. The author relies on general scientific research methods – analysis, synthesis and comparison, and also develops a comparative approach to the analysis of the models of intercultural competence under consideration.
Results. The article substantiates the position that the Deardorff pyramid model, the ICOPROMO model and the Phipps model are focused on removing contradictions in the intercultural communication of representatives of Western and non-Western cultures. This is achieved by learning English, as well as comparing norms, values and patterns of Western and non-Western socio-cultural systems. At the same time, the "symbolic capital" accumulated by an individual in the process of training and experience of interaction with representatives of "foreign" cultures will contribute to his more successful interaction in the conditions of globalization of the labor market and internationalization of the world economy.
Conclusions. Intercultural competence is presented as a complex of cognitive-cognitive, emotional-sensory and motivational-behavioral skills that contribute to achieving more effective communication with representatives of other cultures. The article substantiates the conclusion that as a result of mastering intercultural competencies, the manager will be able to reach the socio-psychological and cultural-educational level of professional development, contributing to the development of more trusting relationships with foreign partners. The necessity of developing a scientific discussion on modeling a modern approach to the development of intercultural competence is noted.
Relevance. The appeal to the topic of socio-ontological research is caused by the fact that in the conditions of rapidly becoming more complex social reality and the emergence of qualitatively new entities of social existence, conceptually holistic approaches to their study are practically not covered in the national and world literature against the background of many private-sociological, socio-philosophical and socio-cultural studies.
The purpose is to substantiate the concept of "social ontology" within the framework of its theoretical and practical application, taking into account the specifics of social processes taking place in modern Russian society.
Оbjectives: to give a more precise definition of the concept of "social ontology" in the framework of our study; to investigate the history of formation and the main approaches to the application of the concept of "social ontology"; to conduct a categorical analysis of individual aspects of modern social reality; to formulate the conceptual foundations of the most favorable from the economic and socio-cultural point of view of the development of digitalization in modern Russia;
Methodology. The categorical-logical, system-structural, dialectical method was used as a methodological basis.
Results. The principles, strategies and approaches of social ontology in relation to the modern realities of Russian society are analyzed.
Conclusions. The results of our analysis have shown that the phenomenon of socio-cultural ontology has a complex history of formation. The main conceptual difficulties are connected with the fact that at the present stage of development of such complex processes as digitalization, which are also being introduced into culture, the vectors of technological, human and institutional capital converge. Actually, within the framework of the study through the prism of "social ontology", we consider a large-scale change of ideological orientations and attributive characteristics of socio-anthropological reality.
Relevance. This article analyzes the category of chastity as a fundamental value of culture and a basic anthropological characteristic. The relevance of such a topic is dictated by social realities, which are illustrated by statistics indicating that this category is being eliminated from the daily life of the country. A large number of divorce proceedings, a high level of venereal diseases emphasize the urgency of the problem raised.
The purpose is analysis of the category of chastity in line with the family and state life of a person.
Objectives: to investigate the category of chastity in the context of personal development of a person and the public life of society. The work also detects some threats to the existence of the state as a form and mode of human existence.
Methodology. The methodological basis of this article is the dialectical unity of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. The comparative method is also used.
Results. It is emphasized that it is a chaste life that determines the possibilities of a person and society for the sustainable development of the family as the main cell of the social organism. The article also notes the relationship between the success of people in family life with opportunities in state development. In the case of corruption of the population, an anthropological catastrophe occurs, as a result of which people are incapable of family life and ensuring the functioning of the state as a form and method of anthropological existence. In Russia, there is a set of measures to financially support families, but no financial assistance can compensate families for the lack of chastity.
Conclusions. To preserve the state, a set of legal measures is needed, including those that would protect the family not only in terms of financial security, but also spiritual piety.